Development and validation of a social cognitive theory-based survey for elementary nutrition education program

Table 3 Scores of heathy eating behaviors and nutrition knowledge based on self-efficacy profiles of study participants (the fifth grade students)

	*Scores (mean ± SD)**
	Low self-efficacy*	High self-efficacy*	P value ^†
	(n = 38)	(n = 39)	P value ^†
Summary self-efficacy^‡	11.00 ± 0.91	15.89 ± 2.00	<0.0001
Behavior
Eat vegetable	2.08 ± 1.02	2.23 ± 0.96	0.50
Eat fruits	1.94 ± 1.01	2.76 ± 1.06	0.0009
Eat whole grains	3.13 ± 0.84	3.21 ± 0.86	0.71
Eat lean protein	2.62 ± 1.01	2.92 ± 0.77	0.15
Eat dairy	2.97 ± 0.88	3.44 ± 0.60	0.009
Drink less sweetened beverages (soda, punches, etc.)	3.61 ± 0.59	3.41 ± 0.72	0.20
Eat less French fries or chips	3.50 ± 0.73	3.33 ± 0.90	0.37
Eat less donuts, cookies, brownies, cakes, candies	3.08 ± 0.75	3.33 ± 0.62	0.11
Eat breakfast	4.08 ± 1.22	4.68 ± 0.57	0.008
Help plan family meals at home	2.16 ± 1.08	3.10 ± 1.21	0.0006
Summary behavior^‡	32.75 ± 4.17	35.92 ± 3.75	0.001
Summary nutrition Knowledge^‡	7.84 ± 1.37	7.74 ± 1.33	0.74

*The scores of each participant’s responses to healthy eating related self-efficacy questions were summarized and the median value of the summary scores for the participants was obtained; Low self-efficacy participants were those with self-efficacy summary scores < the median value and high self-efficacy participants were those with self-efficacy summary scores > the median value. Participants with the median value of self-efficacy summary scores were not included (n = 19).
^†P values for differences between participants in high and low self-efficacy groups by t test.
^‡Summary self-efficacy = summary scores of self-efficacy items related to healthy eating; Summary behavior = summary scores of behavior items related to healthy eating; Summary nutrition knowledge = summary scores of nutrition knowledge items.

ISSN: 1479-5868