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Table 3 Psychological need satisfaction and self-determined motivation (All five BREQ-2 factors) predicting exercise across gender and age groups (standardized estimates)

From: Need satisfaction, motivational regulations and exercise: moderation and mediation effects

 

Men

Women

Younger (18-45)

Older (46–78)

Full sample

n = 286

n = 805

n = 539

n = 501

N = 1091

Need → Amot.

-.44 (.07)**

-.44 (.04)**

-.46 (.05)**

-.43 (.05)**

-.44 (.06)*

Need → Ext. reg.

-.14 (.07)*

-.30 (.04)**

-.24 (.05)**

-.29 (.05)**

-.26 (.04)*

Need → Introj. reg.

.41 (.07)**

-.03 (.05)

.11 (.06)*

.08 (.06)

.09 (.06)

Need → Ident. reg.

.88 (.04)**

.75 (.03)**

.78 (.03)**

.81 (.03)**

.79 (.06)*

Need → Intr. mot.

.84 (.03)**

.79 (.02)**

.76 (.03)**

.86 (.02)**

.81 (.06)*

Amot. → Exercise

-.10 (.09)

.00 (.05)

-.02 (.06)

-.02 (.07)

-.02 (.04)

Ext. reg. → Exercise

.26 (.08)**

-.00 (.04)

.04 (.05)

.12 (.06)*

.07 (.05)

Introj. reg. → Exercise

.12 (.10)

-.14 (.05)*

-.15 (.06)**

-.06 (.06)

-.08 (.05)

Ident. reg. → Exercise

-.06 (.16)

.40 (.07)**

.52 (.08)**

.11 (.11)

.30 (.11)*

Intr. mot. → Exercise

.16 (.14)

.04 (.07)

-.06 (.08)

.24 (.10)*

.08 (.06)

  1. Need = total need satisfaction factor; Amot. = Amotivation; Ext. reg. = External regulation; Introj. reg. = Introjected regulation; Ident. reg. = Identified regulation; Intr. mot. = Intrinsic motivation. * p < .05; **p < .01. A complete table with standard errors for the estimates can be obtained by request from the first author