Use of the Environment and Policy Evaluation and Observation as a Self-Report Instrument (EPAO-SR) to measure nutrition and physical activity environments in child care settings: validity and reliability evidence

Table 4 Physical activity and sedentary opportunities – means, reliability, and validity

				Reliability		Validity
Physical activity provision	Source	Means (range day 1–4)	p-value means	ICC1	ICC4	Corr (avg)	Corr (days)	Avg dev	Dev as % of mean
Outside
Time outside (min)	Obs	69.4 – 74.5	0.46	0.23	0.54	0.63	0.44 – 0.77	5.8	9.0
	Avg staff	58.7 – 70.4	0.33	0.55	0.83
Teacher-lead activity (bouts)	Obs	0.8 – 1.1	0.64	0.13	0.37	0.10	−0.03 – 0.29	−1.2	54.5
	Avg staff	2.1 – 2.7	0.44	0.24	0.56
Inside
Teacher-led activity (bouts)	Obs	1.1 – 1.4	0.72	0.25	0.58	0.05	0.02 – 0.09	−1.6	57.1
	Avg staff	2.4 – 3.0	0.91	0.24	0.55
Teacher-led activity (min)	Obs	7.5 – 11.7	0.44	0.11	0.32	0.07	0.00 – 0.13	−22.3	71.7
	Avg staff	23.1 – 42.0	0.58	0.19	0.48
Music and dance (min)	Obs	4.8 – 7.4	0.60	0.22	0.53	0.32	0.01 – 0.40	−5.7	47.9
	Avg staff	9.5 – 14.3	0.07	0.34	0.67
Gross motor activity (min)	Obs	2.2 – 5.3	0.45	0.28	0.61	0.23	0.15 – 0.44	−3.3	40.7
	Avg staff	6.4 – 9.9	0.29	0.28	0.61
TV time (min)	Obs	5.1 – 8.7	0.84	0.39	0.72	0.47	0.24 – 0.71	3.1	84.0
	Avg staff	2.3 – 4.5	0.61	0.41	0.73
Seated time (min)	Obs	47.9 – 54.3	0.83	0.53	0.82	−0.01	−0.10 – 0.12	13.1	40.3
	Avg staff	25.4 – 38.2	0.01	0.37	0.70

P-values represent a statistical comparison of the equivalence of means for each day of reporting (means on days 1–4) for each reporter. P-values >0.05 indicate no statistical difference between means across days. ICC Intraclass correlation, Corr Pearson correlation, Dev Difference (observation – staff report)

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