Improved eating behaviours mediate weight gain prevention of young adults: moderation and mediation results of a randomised controlled trial of TXT2BFiT, mHealth program

Table 2 Means and standard deviations for weight, food scores^a and physical activity measures by allocation at baseline, 3- and 9-months and time specific difference at 3-months after controlling for allocation, practice, gender and baseline values

Outcomes	Baseline		3-months		9-months
Outcomes	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Weight, kg
Control	79.3	12.6	78.8	12.6	78.4	12.8
Intervention	78.4	11.2	76.0	10.7	74.9	10.8
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			−1.8 (−2.5, −1.2)	P <0.001	−2.3 (−3.3, −1.3)	P <0.001
Fruit score^b
Control	2.54	0.93	2.80	0.89	2.63	0.88
Intervention	2.40	0.70	2.95	0.81	3.01	0.85
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			0.20 (0.03, 0.38)	P = 0.025	0.36 (0.17, 0.54)	P <0.001
Vegetable score^b
Control	3.28	1.13	3.64	1.22	3.63	1.22
Intervention	3.28	1.22	4.11	1.24	4.13	1.22
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			0.46 (0.22, 0.65)	P <0.001	0.41 (0.18, 0.65)	P = 0.001
SSB score^c
Control	4.12	0.97	4.29	0.83	4.34	0.72
Intervention	4.17	0.91	4.57	0.52	4.58	0.52
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			0.49 (0.23, 0.75)	P <0.001	0.27 (0.12, 0.41)	P <0.001
Take-out meal score^d
Control	3.12	0.83	3.36	0.82	3.45	0.77
Intervention	3.20	0.80	3.71	0.51	3.68	0.61
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			0.25 (0.09, 0.40)	P = 0.002	0.17 (0.02, 0.32)	P = 0.032
PA, MET minutes per week
Control	1646.78	1474.61	1861.84	1687.22	2318.30	2033.76
Intervention	1619.93	1581.14	2210.52	2255.98	2404.78	1855.67
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			251.9 (−138.8, 642.6)	P = 0.21	76.98 (−354.39, 508.36)	P = 0.73
PA, total days of PA per week
Control	7.36	3.83	7.77	3.79	8.49	4.19
Intervention	6.63	3.33	8.80	3.71	8.73	3.47
Time specific difference I-C (95 % CI)			1.1 (0.32, 1.86)	P = 0.005	0.48 (−0.37, 1.33)	P = 0.27

CI confidence interval, C control, I intervention, MET minutes, metabolic equivalent of task minutes, SD standard deviation, SSB sugar-sweetened beverages
^aValidated short questions were on a sliding scale, with a higher score, indicating a more desired response and for the purpose of the mediation analysis were used as continuous variables, referred to as food scores; ^bFruit and vegetables were scored one (zero serves per day) through seven (six or more serves per day) with a difference of one unit representing approximately one serve per day; ^cSSB was scored one (zero or diet per week) through five (3000 mL or more per week) with a difference of one unit representing one litre (L) per week; ^dTake-out meals was scored one (one or less per week) through four (six to seven per week) with a difference of one unit representing one-two take-out meals per week

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