Table 2 Characteristics of quantitative studies on factors influencing dietary behaviour in minority groups

Koochek et al., 2001 [27]

Sweden/Iran

Iranian-born residents of Stockholm/Iranians living in Iran

Cross- -sectional

Elderly ≥60 year

Iranians in Sweden (N = 121; F = 66 %)

Iranians in Teheran (N = 52; F = 40 %)

Dietary intake including fruit and vegetables

Volken et al., 2013 [28]

Switzerland

Portuguese, German, Italian, Turkish, Serbian, Kosovan residents of Switzerland.

Cross-sectional

Participants aged 17–74 years.

M = 5390, F = 6358

Fruit and vegetable intake

Edwards et al., 2010 [39]

UK

36 nationalities of international students

Cross-sectional

Participant aged 20–60 year.

N = 226 M = 31 %, F = 69 %

Food neophobia, changes in eating habit

Ross et al., 2009 [59]

Sweden

Sami involved in reindeer herding (traditional lifestyle) vs others

Cross-sectional

N = 595 Sami (F = 321, M = 274)

Food and nutrient intake

Skreblin, et al., 2003 [29].

Croatia

Three groups of adolescents: host; immigrant (Bosnia Herzegovina); permanently settled

Cross-sectional

N = 510 adolescents (14–19 years.)

Food intake, dieting practice

Brustad et al., 2007 [47]

Norway

SAMI and Norwegian who had childhood in SAMINOR study

Cross-sectional

Participant aged 36–79 years.

N = 7614 both M & F

Dietary patterns in childhood based on clustering of 11 ‘traditional’ Sami food items

Brustad et al., 2008 [60]

Norway

SAMI and Norwegian

Cross-sectional

Participant aged 36–79 years.

N = 12811

Age: both M & F

Dietary patterns based on traditional and modern dietary items.

Kumar et al., 2004 [26]

Norway

East Asians, Indians, sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East/North Africa-

Cross-sectional

Adolescents resident in Oslo. Mean age 15.6 years.;

N = 1659

(M = 48.9 %,F = 51.1 %)

Fruit and vegetable intake, breakfast skipping.

Kassam-Khamis et al., 2000 [9]

UK

South Asian Muslims from Bangladesh, Pakistan East Africa (Ismailis)

Cross-sectional

Households include everyone >12 years.

N = 291 individuals in 92 households (n = 100 Bangladeshis; n = 108 Pakistanis; n = 83 Ismailis)

Food intake

Harding et al., 2008 [61]

UK

Black Caribbean, Black African, Pakistani, Indian Bangladeshi

Cross-sectional

Children aged 11–13 years.

pupils in 51 schools N = 6599

Food intake including fizzy drinks, fruit and vegetables, breakfast

Nicolaou et al., 2006 [10]

Netherlands

Surinamese of South Asian and African origin, white Dutch

Cross-sectional

Adults aged 35–60 year.

N = 1518

“Diet Quality” based on the Intake of a number of key foods and breakfast

Nielsen et al., 2014 [50]

Denmark

Non Western minorities; Turkish (35 %) Pakistani/Indian background (20 %), “other” covers >100 different countries

Cross-sectional

Parents with children 6 months to 3.5 years. Danish and non-western N = 337

Dietary intake, dietary pattern (healthy eating)

Carrus et al., 2009 [49]

Italy

Indian females

Cross-sectional

Females 18–34 years. living in Rome for ≥ 10 year N = 100

Purchase of ethnic food

Perez-Cueto 2009 [40]

Belgium

International students from 60 nationalities

Cross-sectional

Students aged 19–48 years.

N = 235; M = 54 %

Perceived changes in dietary habits, healthy intake

Kjøllesdal et al., 2013 [62]

Norway

Pakistani women with type 2 diabetes

RCT

Participant aged 25–62 years.

N = 198

Change in food intake

Kjollesdal et al., 2010 [63]

Norway

Pakistani women living in Norway and born in Pakistan or born in Norway by two Pakistani parents.

RCT

Women aged 28–62 years.

N = 82

Healthy dietary intake

Khunti et al., 2008 [64]

UK

Schools with a >60 % South Asian population, mainly Indian origin.

Action research

Pupils aged 11–15 years, N = 4763, (77 % South Asian)

Dietary pattern (healthy and unhealthy intake)

Johansen et al., 2010 [65]

Norway

Women living in Norway and born in Pakistan or women born in Norway by two Pakistani parents.

RCT

Women aged 25–63 years.

N = 198

Dietary intake, portion size, intention to change diet