Table 3 Baseline characteristics of (non-) participants
From: Participation in and adherence to physical exercise after completion of primary cancer treatment
|  | Non-participants (n = 179) | Participants (n = 277) | |
|---|---|---|---|
|  |  | HI (n = 139) | LMI (n = 138) |
Demographic | |||
 Age, mean (SD) years | 55 (10.6) | 54 (10.7) | 53 (11.4) |
 Gender, n (%) male | 26 (15) | 29 (21) | 26 (19) |
 Marital status, n (%) having a partner | 150 (84) | 112 (81) | 120 (87) |
 Education, n (%) high | 43 (25) | 52 (38) | 53 (39) |
 Employment status at baseline, n (%) yes | 91 (51) | 85 (61) | 82 (59) |
 Smoking status at baseline, n (%) yes | 27 (15) | 9 (7) | 8 (6) |
 Sport history, n (%) yes | 100 (57) | 72 (52) | 83 (61) |
Clinical | |||
 Cancer type, n (%) |  |  |  |
 Breast | 120 (67) | 92 (66) | 89 (65) |
 Colon | 31 (17) | 25 (18) | 24 (17) |
 Ovarian | 6 (3) | 8 (6) | 4 (3) |
 Lymphoma | 16 (9) | 10 (7) | 16 (12) |
 Cervix | 4 (2) | 0 | 4 (3) |
 Testis | 2 (1) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) |
Stage of disease, n (%) | |||
 Local | 123 (69) | 103 (74) | 84 (61) |
 Advanced | 55 (31) | 36 (26) | 54 (39) |
Type of treatment, n (%) | |||
 Surgery | 161 (90) | 127 (91) | 123 (89) |
 Radiation therapy | 87 (49) | 74 (53) | 61 (44) |
 Immunotherapy | 33 (18) | 23 (17) | 36 (26) |
 Hormone therapy | 81 (45) | 67 (48) | 61 (44) |
 Comorbidities ≥2, n (%) yes | 26 (15) | 16 (12) | 14 (10) |
 BMI in kg/m2, mean (SD) | n.a. | 27.2 (4.5) | 26.6 (4.2) |
Psychosocial | |||
 General fatigue (MFI), mean (SD)a | 12.3 (4.4) | 12.8 (3.8) | 12.9 (4.2) |
 Global HRQoL (QLQ-C30), mean (SD)b | 70.9 (18.2) | 71.3 (16.2) | 73.1 (16.1) |
 Psychological distress (HADS), mean (SD)c | 8.2 (6.4) | 7.4 (5.7) | 7.6 (5.3) |
 Attitude, mean (SD) | 83.8 (21.2) | 85.2 (22.3) | 87.3 (18.8) |
 Perceived barriers, mean (SD) | 23.1 (12.4) | 28.6 (12.3) | 25.8 (12.0) |
 Outcome expectations, mean (SD) | 71.8 (17.8) | 75.0 (15.7) | 76.0 (13.7) |
 Self-efficacy, mean (SD) | 64.8 (17.9) | 59.9 (16.6) | 61.1 (16.4) |
 Social support, mean (SD) | 79.3 (21.1) | 81.9 (20.6) | 81.0 (20.1) |
Physical | |||
 Exercise stage, n (%)d | 85 (50) | 66 (49) | 67 (49) |
 Self-reported PA | 115.6 (91.3) | 96.7 (69.0) | 106.2 (83.1) |
Environmental | |||
 Travel distance to the exercise program (in kilometres), mean (SD) | n.a. | 7.3 (6.1) | 6.5 (4.8) |
Adherence | |||
 High session attendance, n (%) | - | 106 (76) | 93 (67) |
 High compliance with resistance exercises, n (%) | - | 93 (69) | 87 (67) |
 High compliance with endurance exercises, n (%) | - | 64 (47) | 55 (42) |