Sedentary behaviours during pregnancy: a systematic review

Table 5 Associations between sedentary behaviours and maternal health outcomes

	Author	Participants	Association (Yes/No)
Pregnancy Outcomes
GWG	Ruifrok 2014 [12]	111	No
	Chasan-Taber 2014 [40]	1276	No
	Jiang 2012 [30]	862	Yes^a (p < 0.001)
Hypertensive disorders	Chasan-Taber 2015 [34]	1240	No
	Loprinzi 2013 [42]	206	No
	Li 2007 [46]	405	Yes^b (p < 0.05)
Depression	Watts 2013 [45]	81	No
Metabolic Outcomes
Glucose levels	Loprinzi 2013 [44]	206	Trend (p = 0.06)
Glucose levels	Hayes 2014 [49]	183	No
Insulin sensitivity	Gradmark 2011 [47]	101	No
GDM	Hayes 2014 [49]	183	No
AGT	Gollenberg 2010 [36]	1006	No
CRP	Loprinzi 2013 [44]	206	Yes^c (p < 0.05)
CRP	Hawkins 2014 [10]	294	Yes^c (p < 0.05)
Blood lipids levels (Total Cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides)	Loprinzi 2013 [44]	206	Yes^d (LDL p < 0.05)
Infant outcomes
Birth Weight	Ruifrok 2014 [12]	111	No
	Hegaard 2010 [32]	4558	No
	Both 2010 [31]	11759	Yes^e (p < 0.05)
Macrosomia	Reid 2014 [39]	100	Yes^f (p < 0.05)
New-born abdominal circumference	Hayes 2014 [49]	183	Yes^g (p < 0.05)
Gestational length	Ruifrok 2014 [12]	111	No
Gestational length	Both 2010 [31]	11759	No
Risk of preterm delivery	Both 2010 [31]	11759	No

^a GWG was higher in the sedentary group compared with the active group, ^b the sedentary group developed more hypertension, ^c Increased time in sedentary behaviours is associated with higher levels of CRP, ^d increased time in sedentary behaviour is associated with higher LDL cholesterol, ^e Increased time in sedentary behaviour is associated with lower birth weight, ^f women delivering macrosomic infants had higher levels of SB, ^g the association between SB and new-born abdominal circumference was inverse at baseline, and positive at 36 weeks

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