Self-reported eating rate is associated with weight status in a Dutch population: a validation study and a cross-sectional study

van den Boer, Janet H.W.; Kranendonk, Jentina; van de Wiel, Anne; Feskens, Edith J.M.; Geelen, Anouk; Mars, Monica

doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0580-1

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 3 Characteristics (mean ± SD) of the participants by self-reported eating rate-category, within the total population and in men and women separately

From: Self-reported eating rate is associated with weight status in a Dutch population: a validation study and a cross-sectional study

	Self-reported eating rate									P ANOVA	P linear trend
	Slow			Average			Fast
	n	mean	SD	n	mean	SD	n	mean	SD
Total
Age (yrs.)	176	53.0	13.1	723	55.1	11.0	574	54.6	12.1	0.11	.42
BMI (kg/m²)	176	24.8	4.1	723	25.5	4.0	574	26.6	3.9	<0.001	<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	175	88.2	13.1	721	90.4	12.3	572	93.6	12.2	<0.001	<0.001
Body fat percentage (%)	145	29.9	9.0	647	30.2	8.6	504	28.6	8.8	0.01	0.01
Energy intake (MJ/day)	158	8.4	2.3	662	8.5	2.4	525	8.9	2.7	<0.01	<0.01
Energy intake (MJ/day) ^a	75	9.9	1.8	300	10.2	2.0	209	11.3	2.4	<0.001	<0.001
Emotional eating	176	2.13	0.69	723	2.06	0.71	574	2.17	0.73	0.02	0.09
Restrained eating	176	2.86	0.79	723	3.01	0.72	574	3.03	0.69	0.03	0.03
External eating	176	2.61	0.48	723	2.67	0.42	574	2.78	0.43	<0.001	<0.001
Moderate-to-vigorous activity (h/day)	164	35.4	19.5	663	33.8	17.0	535	35.4	18.0	0.24	0.53
Sedentary activity (h/day)	164	37.6	35.0	663	35.5	29.0	534	37.4	24.4	0.45	0.68
Men
Age (yrs.)	59	57.9	10.7	315	58.2	10.0	367	56.7	11.1	0.16	0.10
BMI (kg/m²)	59	25.7	3.9	315	26.3	3.4	367	26.7	3.5	0.09	0.03
Waist circumference (cm)	58	96.1	10.9	314	97.0	10.7	365	96.9	10.7	0.82	0.74
Body fat percentage (%)	52	23.8	6.9	294	24.9	6.8	337	24.7	6.4	0.56	0.71
Energy intake (MJ/day)	54	10.0	2.4	295	9.3	2.5	342	9.5	2.8	0.25	0.89
Energy intake (MJ/day) ^a	27	11.5	1.6	125	11.4	2.0	136	12.0	2.2	0.04	0.03
Emotional eating	59	2.01	0.68	315	1.85	0.61	367	2.01	0.67	<0.01	0.053
Restrained eating	59	2.65	0.79	315	2.84	0.75	367	2.92	0.69	0.02	<0.01
External eating	59	2.62	0.48	315	2.64	0.42	367	2.76	0.43	0.001	<0.001
Moderate-to-vigorous activity (h/day)	57	31.5	19.0	298	32.6	17.8	341	35.4	18.9	0.10	0.04
Sedentary activity (h/day)	57	37.6	19.4	298	35.0	18.8	341	37.8	22.9	0.23	0.30
Women
Age (yrs.)	117	50.6	13.5	408	52.7	11.1	207	50.8	12.9	0.09	0.75
BMI (kg/m²)	117	24.4	4.2	408	25.0	4.3	207	26.4	4.6	<0.001	<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	117	84.2	12.4	407	85.3	10.9	207	87.6	12.3	0.02	<0.01
Body fat percentage (%)	93	33.2	8.3	353	34.6	7.4	167	36.5	7.7	<0.01	<0.001
Energy intake (MJ/day)	104	7.6	1.8	367	7.8	2.0	183	7.8	2.3	0.58	0.39
Energy intake (MJ/day) ^a	48	9.0	1.1	175	9.4	1.5	73	9.8	1.9	0.02	<0.01
Emotional eating	117	2.19	0.69	408	2.22	0.73	207	2.45	0.74	0.001	<0.001
Restrained eating	117	2.97	0.77	408	3.4	0.66	207	3.21	0.65	<0.01	<0.001
External eating	117	2.60	0.48	408	2.69	0.43	207	2.82	0.44	<0.001	<0.001
Moderate-to-vigorous activity (h/day)	107	37.5	19.5	365	34.7	16.4	194	35.3	16.4	0.31	0.41
Sedentary activity (h/day)	107	37.7	41.1	365	35.9	35.2	193	36.6	27.0	0.90	0.87

^aSuspected under reporters (i.e., reported energy intake/calculated basal metabolic rate < 1.35) excluded

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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