Intervention mechanism | Intervention medium | Active transport (total walking, total cycling, walking or cycling for transport) | Physical activity (total physical activity, moderate physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, recreational physical activity) | Visitation/use of settings | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adults | Children | All ages | Adults | Children | All ages | Adults | Children | All ages | ||
Active transport infrastructure | Bicycle boulevard/bike lane installation | ↓[62] | ~ [62] | ↑[93] | ||||||
Multiple streetscape components for walking or cycling (including two or more of: crosswalk and sidewalk improvements, improved and covered bike parking, installation of traffic calming features (raised platforms, zebra crossings) and parking bays; creating safe places to walk) | ↑[92] ~ + [63] | ↑ ++ [64] ↑[85] | ↑ + [63] | |||||||
New greenways | ~[90]b | ↑[89] | ↑[98] ~ [60] | ↑[89] | ||||||
Traffic free bridges and boardwalks | ↑[56] | ↑[56] | ||||||||
Wayfinding and distance signage on community trails | ~ [61] | |||||||||
Parks and playgrounds | Installation of fitness equipment/playground equipment | ↑ + [57] ~+ [63] | ||||||||
Multiple component park renovations (including two or more of: new equipment, walking track, fencing, landscaping, surfaces, lights) | ↑[90] | ~ +c [65] | ~ [88] | |||||||
Removal of seating | ↑[94] | ~ [94] | ↓[94] | |||||||
Retrofiting existing green space into pocket parks | ↑[87] | ↑[87] | ||||||||
Temporary road closures and play equipment | ↑+ [66] | |||||||||
Walkability components | Access to/availability of public transit | ↑[71] | ↑[86] | |||||||
Destination accessibility | ↑[69] | |||||||||
Land-use mix | ↑[71] | |||||||||
Recreation facility density | ↑+ [59] | |||||||||
Residential density | ↑[70] ~ [71] | |||||||||
Street connectivity | ↑[71] | ↑[70] |