Table 4 Quality assessment of included studies according to the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool
From: Health benefits of electrically-assisted cycling: a systematic review
Study | Component rating | Global ratinga | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selection Bias | Design | Confounders | Blinding | Methods | Drop-outs | ||
Acute studies | |||||||
 Bernsten [22] | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Gojanovic [18] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Hansen [21] | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Langford [23] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
 La Salle [26] | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Louis [27] | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
 Meyer [28] | Weak | Weak | Strong | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
 Simons [20] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Sperlich | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
 Theurel, 2011 [24] | Weak | Weak | Strong | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
 Theurel, 2012 [25] | Weak | Weak | Strong | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
Longitudinal studies | |||||||
 Cooper [32] | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
 De Geus [29] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
 Hochsmann [30] | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Strong |
 Malnes [31] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
 Page [33] | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Weak | Strong | Weak | Weak |
 Peterman [13] | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |