Table 2 Intervention characteristics

^a Mutrie et al. 2012 [55]

UK

SCT and TTM

Y

Y

Specifically trained exercise specialists

24

Group supervised exercise classes and home-based exercise with referral to GP exercise scheme

3 m

5 yrs

Printed recommendations. After 6 months offered personal ex plan and GP exercise scheme referral

N

1144/203 (18%)

Control = 59 (58%)

Int = 57 (56%)

Pinto et al. 2008 [46] USA

TTM

Y

N

Researchers conducted phone calls

15

Telephone delivered home-based

6 m

9 m

Contact control - Cancer survivorship tip sheets (not PA related). Telephone calls as per intervention group to monitor symptoms

N

Cannot be calculated

Control = 4 (9.3%)

Int =4 (9.3%)

Rogers et al. 2015 [57]

USA

SCT

Y

Y

Exercise specialists and group facilitators trained by clinical psychologist

21

Supervised exercise sessions, counselling and group discussions. Home-based exercise encouraged

3 m

12 m

Usual care plus ACS written materials on PA recommendations

Y

Cannot be calculated

Control = 2 (3.6%)

Int = 5 (4.5%)

Rogers et al. 2009 [37]

Canada

SCT

Y

Y

Exercise specialist and clinical psychologist

21

Supervised exercise sessions and group discussion with home-based exercise encourage

3 m

6 m

Usual care plus ACS written materials on PA recommendations

Y

Cannot be calculated

Control = 3 (15%)

Int = 2 (9.5%)

Belanger et al. 2014 [40]

Canada

TPB

Y

N

-

0

Printed 11 chapter guidebook to promoted PA tailored to young adults

0 m

4 m

Non tailored print materials, 1 page handout

–

212/1908 (11%)

Control = 65 (61.3%)

Int = 63 (59.4%)

Pinto et al. 2015 [68]

USA

TTM and SCT

Y

N

Peer volunteers (with training)

16

Peer-led telephone consultation and mailed feedback reports

3 m

6 m

Contact control

N

76/291 (26%)

Control = 6 (16%)

Int = 3 (7.7%)

Pinto et al. 2013 [56]

USA

TTM and SCT

Y

N

No details provided

24

Health care professional advice plus telephone counselling plus printed materials

6 m

12 m

Health care professional advice plus contact control

Y

192/270 (71%)

Control = 5 (20.8%)

Int = 6 (9.4%)

Dhillon et al. 2017 [69]

Australia

TPB

Y

Y

Physical activity consultant

8

Weekly exercise sessions – home-based exercise was encouraged

2 m

6 m

Diet and PA education materials

N

112/254 (44%)

Control = 28 (50.9%) Int = 21 (37.5%)

Baumann et al. 2017 [70]

Germany

None

Y

Y

Insufficient details

–

Residential rehab program with telephone follow-up

8 m

24 m

3 week rehab program but not FU care

N

No data provided

NP

Hawkes et al. 2013 [39]

Australia

ACT

N

N

Health coaches with degrees in nursing, psychology or health promotion

15

Telephone counselling and printed materials

6 m

12 m

Generic printed materials promoting PA

Y

410/792 (52%)

Control = 42 (20.5%)

Int = 44 (22.4%)

Kanera et al., 2017 [54]

Netherlands

Intervention component derived from SCT, TPB, self-regulation theory and Integrated Model for Change

N

N

-

NR

Web-based lifestyle intervention

6 m

12 m

Waitlist control

N

518/1298 (40%)

Control = 19 (9.0)

Int = 62 (36.7%)

Witlox et al., 2018 [48]

Netherlands

SCT

Y

Y

Physiotherapist

36

Supervised and home-based physical activity

18wk

4 yr

Usual care but access to publically available programs after 18wks

N

237/503 (47%)

50.8% n = 60 control

41.2% n = 49 int

Demark-Wahnefried et al. 2012 [38]

USA

SCT and TTM

N

N

Counsellors (no detail on training/expertise)

23

Personally tailored workbook, newsletters and telephone counselling

10 m

2 yrs

Waitlist control

N

641/20015 (3%)

Control = 77 (23.9%)

Int = 76 (23.8%)

Ottenbacher et al. 2012 [44]

USA

SCT

N

N

-

14

Tailored printed materials

10 m

2 yrs

Attention control – non tailored printed materials including promotion of PA

■ –

543/1570 (44%)

Control = 16 (6.5%)

Int = 28 (14.1%)

Vallance et al. 2007 [52]

Canada

No data provided

Y

N

No details provided

2

Recommendation to exercise, printed materials and pedometer

3 m

6 m

Recommendation to exercise

N

398/1590 (25%)

Control = 28 (29.2%)

Int = 26 (27.9%)

Pinto et al. 2013 [45]

USA

TTM and SCT

Y

N

Counsellors received training on theoretical basis

19

Telephone delivered home-based with printed materials

6 m

12 m

Contact control - Cancer survivorship tip sheets (not PA related). Telephone calls as per intervention group to monitor symptoms

Y

46/168 (27%)

Control = 3 (12%)

Int = 1 (5%)

Leclerc et al. 2018 [71]

Belgium

None described

Y

Y

Physiotherpaists and professor of physiotherapy and rehabilitation

36

Supervised group exercise and education

3 m

24 m

Control group – asked not to change exercise behaviour for the entire follow-up period

N

Cannot be calculated

Control = 55 (51.9%)

Int = 53 (51.5%)

Mayer et al. 2018 [72]

USA

SDT

Y

N

–

–

Smartphone App

6 m

9 m

Control Group – National Cancer Institute’s Facing Forward: Life after Cancer Treatment booklet and National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship’s Cancer Survival Toolbox + pedometer

–

284/465 (61%)

Data not reported at 9 m

^bLee et al. 2018 [50]

Hong Kong

TPB and Health Action Process Approach

N

N

No details provided

32

Printed materials with motivational phone calls newsletters and group meetings

12 m

24 m

Usual care

N

Cannot be calculated

Control groups = 18 (16%)

Int groups = 16 (14%)

Adams et al. 2018 [42]

Canada

None described

Y

Y

No details provided

36

Supervised high intensity exercise sessions

3 m

6 m

Usual care – offered 6 week exercise training after final follow-up

N

7% of potentially eligible patient (63/948)

Control group = 5 (18%)

Int groups 6 (17%)

Stolley et al. 2017 [73]

USA

Grounded in a socioecological model

N

Y

Study trained community nutritionist and exercise trainer

48

Supervised Group exercise and education classes

6 m

12 m

Self-guided weight management intervention – printed materials only

N

246/448 (55%)

Control = 21 (17%)

Int = 18 (14%)

Galvo et al. 2017 [53]

Australia

None described

Y

N

Trained peer support workers

6

Self-management materials and telephone-based group peer support

6 m

12 m

Published patient education materials

N

463/1314 (32%)

Control = 37 (19.1%)

Int = 47 (25.5%)

Nyrop et al. 2017 [41]

USA

None described

Y

N

-

1

Workbook and home-based walking

6 wks

6 m

Waitlist control

–

78/344 (23%)

N = 21 (33.9%) whole sample

Carmack et al. 2006 [51]

USA

SCT and TTM

Y

N

Group facilitators, supervised by clinical psychologist

20

Group counselling, home-based exercise encouraged

6 m

12 m

Standard care

Y

Cannot be calculated

Control = 3 (8.1)

Int = 11 (23.9%)

Education control = 7 (13.7%)

James et al. 2015 [43]

Australia ^c

SCT

N

Y

Exercise physiologist

6

Group sessions and workbook

8wk

20wks

Waitlist control

N

-

-

O’Neill et al. 2018 [49]

Ireland

Non described

N

Y

A multidisciplinary team

14

Supervised and home-based exercise with education

3 m

6 m

Usual care

N

43/264 = 16%

Control = 1 (5%)

Int = 2 (9%)

Sandler et al. 2017 [47]

Australia

CBT

N

N

Exercise physiologist and clinical psychologist

5

Manualised exercise programme with face-to-face consultations

3 m

6 m

Education package and 1 face-to-face meeting with exercise professionals

N

55/46 = 84%

Control = 2 (8%)

Int = 4 (18%)