| | | |
Unadjusted
|
Adjustedb
|
---|
Nutrient
|
Dental status
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Mean difference
|
95% CI
|
P
|
Mean difference
|
95% CI
|
P
|
---|
Retinol μg/da
|
DEN
|
339.30
|
218.15, 443.08
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
354.27
|
215.00, 465.56
|
−1.01
|
− 1.15, 1.12
|
0.834
|
1.07
|
−1.05, 1.21
|
0.239
|
E-DEN
|
334.76
|
216.15, 465.71
|
1.04
|
−1.08, 1.18
|
0.495
|
1.04
|
−1.09, 1.18
|
0.509
|
β-carotene μg/da
|
DEN
|
2364.80
|
1403.04, 4231.63
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
2099.42
|
1182.22, 3723.48
|
−1.13
|
− 1.29, 1.00
|
0.081
|
−1.09
|
− 1.24, 1.05
|
0.214
|
E-DEN
|
1637.74
|
718.21, 3724.93
|
1.44
|
−1.65, − 1.26
|
< 0.001
|
− 1.28
|
−1.48, − 1.11
|
0.001
|
Vitamin B6 mg/d
|
DEN
|
2.04
|
0.78
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
1.93
|
0.66
|
−0.12
|
− 0.22, − 0.01
|
0.037
|
−0.06
|
− 0.14, 0.03
|
0.223
|
E-DEN
|
1.87
|
0.78
|
−0.17
|
− 0.28, − 0.06
|
0.002
|
−0.04
|
− 0.14, 0.06
|
0.421
|
Vitamin B12 μg/da
|
DEN
|
5.16
|
3.65, 7.15
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
5.21
|
3.76, 6.88
|
1.01
|
1.06, 1.08
|
0.853
|
1.03
|
−1.03, 1.10
|
0.513
|
E-DEN
|
4.70
|
3.49, 5.99
|
−1.08
|
− 1.16, − 1.01
|
0.028
|
− 1.02
|
− 1.10, 1.05
|
0.307
|
Folate μg/d
|
DEN
|
261.85
|
100.67
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
246.95
|
82.59
|
−14.90
|
−28.30, − 1.49
|
0.029
|
− 5.69
|
− 17.01, 5.64
|
0.325
|
E-DEN
|
219.17
|
88.35
|
−42.67
|
−56.26, − 29.09
|
< 0.001
|
− 20.48
|
− 32.74, − 8.23
|
0.001
|
Vitamin C mg/d
|
DEN
|
84.10
|
49.21
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
81.50
|
47.32
|
−2.60
|
−9.40, 4.21
|
0.454
|
0.82
|
−5.59, 7.23
|
0.801
|
E-DEN
|
63.33
|
42.41
|
−20.77
|
− 27.66, − 13.87
|
< 0.001
|
− 9.34
|
−16.28, − 2.41
|
0.008
|
Vitamin D μg/da
|
DEN
|
2.83
|
3.65, 7.15
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
2.69
|
3.76, 6.88
|
−1.04
|
−1.12, 1.03
|
0.282
|
−1.01
|
−1.08, 1.06
|
0.790
|
E-DEN
|
2.39
|
1.62, 3.65
|
−1.14
|
− 1.22, − 1.06
|
< 0.001
|
− 1.06
|
− 1.13, 1.02
|
0.120
|
Iron mg/d
|
DEN
|
10.36
|
3.25
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
10.01
|
3.25
|
−0.36
|
−0.82, 0.11
|
0.136
|
0.02
|
−0.32, 0.37
|
0.893
|
E-DEN
|
9.03
|
3.13
|
−1.34
|
−1.81, − 0.86
|
< 0.001
|
− 0.35
|
− 0.73, 0.02
|
0.065
|
Calcium mg/d
|
DEN
|
826.60
|
291.27
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
841.95
|
285.93
|
15.35
|
−26.73, 57.43
|
0.474
|
34.97
|
2.40, 67.53
|
0.035
|
E-DEN
|
765.47
|
275.20
|
−61.13
|
− 103.77, −18.49
|
0.005
|
−5.17
|
−40.41, 30.07
|
0.773
|
Magnesium mg/d
|
DEN
|
251.99
|
75.09
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
241.73
|
75.90
|
−10.26
|
−20.95, 0.43
|
0.060
|
−0.59
|
−7.99, 6.81
|
0.876
|
E-DEN
|
207.96
|
68.91
|
−44.03
|
−54.87, −33.20
|
< 0.001
|
−17.72
|
−25.73, −9.71
|
< 0.001
|
Potassium mg/d
|
DEN
|
2725.90
|
789.24
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
2772.58
|
799.12
|
−99.94
|
− 211.69, 11.80
|
0.080
|
0.19
|
−77.98, 78.35
|
0.996
|
E-DEN
|
2448.16
|
753.88
|
− 424.36
|
− 537.58, − 311.14
|
< 0.001
|
− 151.27
|
− 235.85, −66.70
|
< 0.001
|
Iodine μg/d
|
DEN
|
187.44
|
95.70
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
180.88
|
78.63
|
−6.56
|
−19.07, 5.95
|
0.304
|
−1.40
|
− 12.75, 9.95
|
0.808
|
E-DEN
|
167.95
|
77.66
|
−19.50
|
−32.17, − 6.82
|
0.003
|
−5.22
|
− 17.50, 7.06
|
0.405
|
- Data analysed using multiple regression. Data presented as means (SD), and unadjusted and adjusted differences in means (95% CI). aVariables were naturally logged transformed for analysis, and presented as geometric means (IQRs), and ratio of the geometric means (95% CIs). DEN group was fixed as the reference category in each model. bAdjusted for age, gender, SES (low, med & high), living status (living alone or not living alone), energy intake (kJ/d), survey year and smoking status (current smoker, past regular smoker & never smoked).