Table 3 Subgroup analyses of the percentage of energy from saturated fat (primary outcome) by trial group
% energy from saturated fat (mean ± SD, n) | Between group mean difference (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Swaps | Altering order | Combined | Altering order vs Swaps | Combined vs Swaps | Combined vs Altering order | |
Sex | |||||||
Female | 25.58 ± 5.62, 172 | 24.3 ± 6.08, 183 | 21.26 ± 6.12, 179 | 21.11 ± 6.09, 174 | − 3.04 (− 4.66 to − 1.42) | −3.19 (− 4.82 to − 1.55) | − 0.14 (− 1.78 to 1.5) |
Male | 25.81 ± 5.69, 103 | 22.54 ± 5.81, 96 | 19.59 ± 6.55, 80 | 18.72 ± 6.91, 96 | − 2.95 (− 5.39 to − 0.51) | − 3.82 (− 6.14 to − 1.5) | − 0.87 (− 3.31 to 1.57) |
Age, years | |||||||
Median and above | 25.74 ± 5.89, 142 | 22.9 ± 6.56, 144 | 21.54 ± 6.35, 134 | 21.03 ± 6.51, 131 | − 1.36 (− 3.32 to 0.59) | −1.87 (− 3.84 to 0.1) | − 0.51 (− 2.51 to 1.5) |
Below median | 25.59 ± 5.37, 133 | 24.54 ± 5.32, 135 | 19.81 ± 6.15, 127 | 19.56 ± 6.34, 142 | −4.73 (− 6.58 to − 2.88) | −4.98 (− 6.78 to − 3.18) | −0.25 (− 2.08 to 1.58) |
Ethnic group | |||||||
White | 25.66 ± 5.73, 240 | 23.77 ± 5.88, 256 | 20.8 ± 6.29, 241 | 20.22 ± 6.43, 244 | − 2.96 (− 4.37 to − 1.56) | −3.55 (− 4.95 to − 2.15) | −0.59 (− 2.01 to 0.84) |
Non-White | 25.74 ± 4.97, 35 | 22.94 ± 7.85, 22 | 19.44 ± 6.57, 19 | 20.65 ± 6.81, 28 | −3.5 (− 8.78 to 1.78) | −2.29 (− 7.09 to 2.51) | 1.21 (− 3.8 to 6.22) |
BMI, kg/m2 | |||||||
< 30 | 25.86 ± 5.31, 199 | 23.72 ± 6.14, 195 | 20.11 ± 6.35, 170 | 20.64 ± 6.51, 200 | −3.61 (− 5.26 to − 1.97) | −3.08 (− 4.66 to − 1.5) | 0.53 (− 1.11 to 2.17) |
≥ 30 | 25.44 ± 6.14, 73 | 23.61 ± 5.86, 83 | 22.12 ± 6.04, 86 | 19.39 ± 6.14, 69 | −1.5 (− 3.9 to 0.9) | − 4.22 (− 6.76 to − 1.68) | − 2.72 (− 5.24 to − 0.2) |
Education | |||||||
None/Secondary | 25.09 ± 5.83, 68 | 23.52 ± 6.49, 103 | 20.07 ± 5.87, 99 | 19.89 ± 6.69, 79 | −3.46 (− 5.73 to − 1.19) | −3.63 (− 6.04 to − 1.22) | −0.17 (− 2.6 to 2.26) |
Higher | 25.86 ± 5.57, 207 | 23.79 ± 5.79, 175 | 21.1 ± 6.55, 161 | 20.41 ± 6.38, 193 | −2.7 (− 4.4 to − 0.99) | −3.38 (− 5.01 to − 1.75) | − 0.69 (− 2.35 to 0.98) |
Household income | |||||||
Low-middle (£25-39 k) | 25.42 ± 5.57, 191 | 23.21 ± 6.28, 188 | 20.36 ± 6.29, 181 | 19.81 ± 6.3, 177 | − 2.85 (− 4.49 to − 1.21) | − 3.4 (− 5.05 to − 1.76) | − 0.55 (− 2.22 to 1.11) |
Higher (£40 k+) | 26.2 ± 5.79, 75 | 24.86 ± 5.38, 84 | 21.67 ± 6.25, 70 | 21.6 ± 6.54, 86 | − 3.2 (− 5.71 to − 0.69) | −3.26 (− 5.64 to − 0.88) | −0.07 (− 2.56 to 2.43) |