Table 8 Characteristics of included articles (n = 35)
Characteristic | Number of articles | Percent |
|---|---|---|
Geographical region | ||
UK | 10 | 31 |
Online | 8 | 20 |
USA | 7 | 17 |
Hong Kong | 2 | 6 |
Japan | 1 | 3 |
Denmark | 1 | 3 |
Sweden | 1 | 3 |
Germany | 1 | 3 |
Belgium | 1 | 3 |
South Africa | 1 | 3 |
Spain | 1 | 3 |
France | 1 | 3 |
Singapore | 1 | 3 |
Setting (multiple settings possible) | ||
Train station/underground train station | 12 | 34 |
Mall/shopping mall | 10 | 29 |
Airport | 4 | 11 |
Pedestrian transit system | 2 | 6 |
Library (public building) | 2 | 6 |
Bus station | 1 | 3 |
Online only | 8 | 23 |
Study design | ||
Observational study | 21 | 60 |
Experimental study | 4 | 11 |
2 × 2 Post-test study | 1 | 3 |
Interrupted time-series design | 1 | 3 |
Randomised controlled trial | 2 | 6 |
Interviews | 1 | 3 |
Quasi-experimental | 3 | 9 |
Cross-sectional survey | 1 | 3 |
Not specified | 1 | 3 |
Intervention aim | ||
Increased stair use | 27 | 77 |
Increase in exercise commitment | 3 | 9 |
PA in general | 4 | 11 |
Walking (step count) | 1 | 3 |
Intervention level (micro, meso, macro) | ||
Micro | 35 | 100 |
Choice-architecture category (Taxonomy following Münscher et al. 2016; multiple categories possible) | ||
A. Decision information category | ||
A1 Translation information (e.g. framing techniques) | 3 | 9 |
A2 Making information visible | 3 | 9 |
A3 Provide social reference points | 2 | 6 |
B. Decision structure | ||
B1 Change choice defaults | 30 | 86 |
B2 Change option-related effort | 0 | 0 |
B3 Change range or composition of option | 0 | 0 |
B4 Change option consequences | 6 | 17 |
C. Decision assistance | ||
C1 Provide reminders | 1 | 3 |
C2 Facilitate commitment | 3 | 9 |