A systematic review and meta-analysis of the overall effects of school-based obesity prevention interventions and effect differences by intervention components

Table 2 Subgroup analyses by characteristics of single-component interventions

Outcomes	BMI			BMI Z-score
Outcomes	N	Mean difference, 95% CI	P for subgroup analyses	N	Mean difference, 95% CI	P for subgroup analyses
Characteristics of the PA component
1) PA’s frequency and duration
≥ 3/week and ≥ 10 min/time	5	−0.10 (− 0.22, 0.01)	0.16	–	–	–
< 3/week or < 10 min/time	2	−0.31 (− 0.57, − 0.05)	0.16	–	–	–
2) Curricular PA
Yes	3	−0.30 (− 0.51, − 0.10)	0.02	–	–	–
No	4	−0.04 (− 0.17, 0.09)	0.02	–	–	–
3) PA emphasizing enjoyment
Yes	5	−0.19 (− 0.33, − 0.05)	0.03	–	–	–
No	2	−0.004 (− 0.10, 0.09)	0.03	–	–
Topics of HE covering both energy intake and output
Yes	3	−0.06 (− 0.26, 0.13)	–	5	− 0.07 (− 0.16, − 0.03)	–
No	1	−0.40 (− 1.01, 0.21)	–	1	− 0.12 (− 0.28, 0.04)	–

CI confidence interval, SP school policy, PA physical activity, HE health education, DI dietary improvement. “-” due to insufficient observations

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