Changes in and the mediating role of physical activity in relation to active school transport, fitness and adiposity among Spanish youth: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study

Table 2 Changes over time in AST volume, PA, adiposity and fitness for complete case (n = 453)

	1-year follow-up			2-year follow-up
	β	95%CI	P value	β	95%CI	P value
Mode of commuting
AST volume (min/week)	8.18	−4.50, 20.86	0.206	6.89	−7.59, 21.36	0.351
Physical Activity Levels
LPA (min/day)	−11.27	− 15.79, −6.76	< 0.001	− 16.27	− 21.42, − 11.12	< 0.001
MVPA (min/day)	−1.86	− 4.91, 1.20	0.233	− 4.51	−7.99, − 1.03	0.011
Adiposity indicators
BMI (kg/cm²)	0.18	− 0.26, 0.61	0.430	− 0.10	− 0.60, 0.40	0.700
Skinfolds (Sum of triceps and subscapular)	− 0.69	−2.33, 0.95	0.410	− 0.94	−2.82, 0.93	0.324
Physical Fitness
Standing long jump (cm)	−1.18	−4.44, 2.07	0.476	− 0.99	− 4.71, 2.73	0.602
Handgrip strength (kg)	0.78	0.08, 1.48	0.028	0.81	0.02, 1.61	0.046
20-m shuttle run test (CRF) (VO_2max ml/kg/min)	0.56	−0.42, 1.54	0.262	0.74	−0.38, 1.85	0.193

Abbreviations: AST Active School Transport, PA Physical Activity, LPA Light Physical Activity, MVPA Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, BMI Body Mass Index, CRF Cardiorespiratory fitness, VO_2max Maximum Oxygen Consumption, 95%CI 95% Confidence Intervals; (β), Regression Coefficient
*All analyses were adjusted by sex, age and socioeconomic status; robust standard errors were used to account for potential clustering within the 23 primary schools and the 18 secondary schools

ISSN: 1479-5868