Partnering and parenting transitions in Australian men and women: associations with changes in weight, domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviours

Tian, Jing; Smith, Kylie J.; Cleland, Verity; Gall, Seana; Dwyer, Terence; Venn, Alison J.

doi:10.1186/s12966-020-00989-6

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 4 β (95% CI) for weight, domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviours by change in parental status, Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study, Australia, 1985–2011

From: Partnering and parenting transitions in Australian men and women: associations with changes in weight, domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviours

	Men			Women
	n	Model 1	Model 2	n	Model 1	Model 2
	n	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	n	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Weight (kg)
Stayed child-free	308	REF	REF	309	REF	REF
Had first child	275	−1.0 (−2.1, 0.2)	−1.3 (− 2.7, 0)	213	1.2 (0, 2.4)*	1.4 (0.1, 2.7)*
Same number of children	229	REF	REF	382	REF	REF
Had additional children	196	−0.7 (−2.1, 0.6)	−0.8 (− 2.2, 0.6)	212	−1.0 (− 2.2, 0.1)	−0.8 (− 1.9, 0.4)
BMI (kg/m²)
Stayed child-free	308	REF	REF	309	REF	REF
Had first child	275	−0.3 (−0.7, 0)	− 0.4 (− 0.8, 0.1)	213	0.5 (0, 1.0)*	0.5 (0, 1.0)
Same number of children	229	REF	REF	382	REF	REF
Had additional children	196	−0.3 (−0.8, 0.1)	−0.3 (− 0.8, 0.2)	212	−0.4 (− 0.9, 0)	−0.3 (− 0.8, 0.1)
Total PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	− 115.4 (−222.8, −7.9)*	−123.9 (− 248.8, 1.1)	145	87.5 (−6.9, 182.0)	36.2 (−68.6, 141.1)
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	119.7 (−20.1, 259.5)	126.1 (−15.1, 267.4)	186	50.4 (−35.5, 136.3)	56.9 (−31.7, 145.4)
Walking PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−95.6 (−152.9, −38.3)***	−76.1 (− 142.6, −9.6)*	145	−85.3 (− 137.9, − 32.7)**	−83.1 (− 141.8, −24.4)**
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	17.6 (−57.3, 92.5)	35.4 (−40.3, 111.1)	186	−48.9 (−96.4, −1.3)*	−37.6 (−86.9, 11.7)
Moderate intensity PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	33.3 (−22.0, 88.7)	29.9 (−35.0, 94.8)	145	204.3 (142.1, 266.5)***	175.0 (105.9, 244.1)***
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	71.4 (−0.2, 143.1)	80.0 (6.7, 153.3)	186	102.1 (45.4, 158.8)***	107.2 (48.8, 165.6)***
Vigorous intensity PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−48.0 (−94.0, −2.0)*	−68.2 (− 121.4, −15.0)*	145	−42.3 (−69.1, −15.4)**	−64.7 (− 94.4, −34.9)***
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	15.0 (−44.4, 74.3)	3.2 (−56.7, 63.0)	186	−13.4 (−37.7, 10.9)	−23.8 (− 48.8, 1.2)
Occupational PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−23.9 (− 102.1, 54.2)	−1.7 (−92.4, 89.0)	145	−76.5 (− 127.3, − 25.7)**	−105.7 (− 162.0, −49.4)***
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	72.5 (−28.9, 173.9)	87.5 (−14.9, 190.0)	186	−115.2 (− 161.2, −69.2)***	−115.6 (− 163.0, − 68.3)***
Transport PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−38.9 (−72.6, −5.1)*	−50.8 (−90.3, − 11.3)*	145	−14.7 (−49.0, 19.5)	− 1.7 (− 39.8, 36.4)
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	−0.3 (−44.1, 43.5)	−8.5 (−53.3, 36.2)	186	28.1 (−2.8, 59.0)	36.5 (4.4, 68.5)*
Domestic PA (mins/wk)
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	126	33.7 (−10.9, 78.3)	25.7 (−26.5, 77.8)	145	234.9 (175.6, 294.2)***	221.6 (155.6, 287.5)***
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	22.7 (−35.0, 80.4)	29.1 (−29.8, 87.9)	186	139.0 (85.1, 192.9)***	147.4 (91.7, 203.0)***
Leisure time PA (LTPA, mins/wk)^a
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	202	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−82.5 (− 125.0, −40.0)***	−89.7 (− 139.6, −39.9)***	126	−64.7 (−102.0, −27.4)***	−84.7 (− 125.7, −43.6)***
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	236	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	3.6 (−51.4, 58.6)	3.7 (−52.6, 59.9)	145	−14.7 (−49.3, 19.9)	−25.7 (−61.0, 9.6)
Sitting time (mins/day)^b
Stayed child-free	141	REF	REF	213	REF	REF
Had first child	124	−16.2 (−54.2, 21.9)	−34.7 (−79.1, 9.7)	145	−117.0 (− 145.5, −88.6)***	−103.4 (− 135.0, − 71.8)***
Same number of children	78	REF	REF	245	REF	REF
Had additional children	76	5.1 (−44.8, 55.0)	−10.6 (−61.2, 39.9)	186	−42.8 (− 68.5, − 17.0)***	−39.3 (− 65.9, − 12.8)**
TV viewing time (mins/day)^a
Stayed child-free	145	REF	REF	202	REF	REF
Had first child	126	−25.5 (−45.5, −5.4)*	−26.4 (−49.9, − 2.8)*	126	−11.2 (− 25.9, 3.4)	−8.0 (− 24.3, 8.2)
Same number of children	80	REF	REF	236	REF	REF
Had additional children	81	−1.7 (−27.6, 24.3)	0.6 (−26.0, 27.3)	145	−3.1 (− 16.7, 10.5)	−1.7 (− 15.6, 12.3)

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; PA, physical activity
Model 1: adjusted for weight, PA or sedentary behaviours at baseline
Model 2: Model 1 + baseline age, sex, education, follow-up length and marital transitions
^aModel 2 + baseline diet quality in women
^bModel 2 + baseline diet quality in men
β (95% CI) in bold means statistically significant difference compared to the reference group (had first child born vs. stayed child-free, had additional children vs. same number of children)
*P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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