Longitudinal impact of changes in the residential built environment on physical activity: findings from the ENABLE London cohort study

Clary, Christelle; Lewis, Daniel; Limb, Elizabeth; Nightingale, Claire M.; Ram, Bina; Page, Angie S.; Cooper, Ashley R.; Ellaway, Anne; Giles-Corti, Billie; Whincup, Peter H.; Rudnicka, Alicja R.; Cook, Derek G.; Owen, Christopher G.; Cummins, Steven

doi:10.1186/s12966-020-01003-9

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 3 Associations between increased walkability, greater distance to parks and increased accessibility to public transport and within-person change in daily steps and MVPA (min), examining effect modification by housing group (n = 687)

From: Longitudinal impact of changes in the residential built environment on physical activity: findings from the ENABLE London cohort study

	Standardised effects ^a		P-value for effect modification between housing groups	Standardised effects ^a for social housing seekers		Standardised effects ^a for intermediate housing seekers		Standardised effects ^a for market-rent housing seekers
	β (95% CI)	P-value	P-value for effect modification between housing groups	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value
Change in exposure (baseline to follow-up)	Outcome: Daily steps
Walkability	302 (110;494)	0.002	0.48	129 (− 210;468)	0.46	380 (99;661)	0.008	392 (−24;808)	0.06
Connectivity	133 (−58;325)	0.17	0.79	65 (− 281;411)	0.71	126 (−149;401)	0.37	255 (− 172;683)	0.24
Residential density	313 (123;504)	0.001	0.92	306 (−5;616)	0.053	350 (66; 635)	0.02	237 (− 218;691)	0.31
Land use mix	201 (5;398)	0.04	0.49	51 (−264;366)	0.36	301 (17;584)	0.04	288 (− 244;808)	0.29
Distance to park	55 (− 136;247)	0.57	0.13	348 (−30;725)	0.07	−126 (− 397;144)	0.36	120 (− 266;507)	0.54
Access to public transport	−7 (− 205;191)	0.94	0.03	−295 (−595;3)	0.053	172 (− 122;466)	0.25	410 (−191;1010)	0.18
Change in exposure (baseline to follow-up)	Outcome: Daily MVPA (min)
Walkability	1.7 (0.2;3.2)	0.03	0.27	0.0 (−2.6;2.7)	0.98	2.1 (−0.1;4.3)	0.06	3.4 (0.1;6.6)	0.04
Connectivity	1.1 (− 0.4;2.6)	0.14	0.70	0.0 (−2.8;2.9)	0.99	1.5 (−0.7;3.8)	0.19	1.5 (−2.0;5.0)	0.41
Residential density	1.7 (0.2;3.2)	0.03	0.79	0.9 (−1.6;3.5)	0.48	2.0 (−0.3;4.4)	0.09	0.9 (−2.9;4.6)	0.65
Land use mix	0.8 (−0.8;2.3)	0.34	0.58	−0.6 (−3.2;1.9)	0.62	1.0 (−1.4;3.3)	0.42	1.5 (−2.8;5.9)	0.49
Distance to park	0.6 (−0.9;2.1)	0.44	0.12	3.1 (0.2;6.1)	0.04	−0.7 (−2.8;1.4)	0.52	0.6 (−2.5;3.6)	0.72
Access to public transport	−0.2 (−1.8;1.3)	0.75	0.10	−1.8 (−4.2;0.5)	0.13	0.3 (−2.0;2.7)	0.76	3.6 (−1.1;8.3)	0.13

^a Size of effect are for 1 standard deviation (note that SD for changes in exposures are as follow: Walkability, 2.8; Residential density, 11.6; Land use mix, 0.26; Street connectivity, 1.3; Distance to park, 496; Access to public transport, 2.5)
Models are adjusted for sex, age group, ethnic group, housing group, and one of the “change in exposure” variables (entered in turn) as random effects and clustering at household level as the fixed effect. Further models with an interaction term between the “change in exposure” variable and housing group enabled the effect in each housing group to be calculated using linear combinations of the regression coefficients for the main and interaction terms in the model

Back to article page

ISSN: 1479-5868

Contact us

Submission enquiries: Access here and click Contact Us
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com