Table 1 Summary of baseline sociodemographic and mental health characteristics of participants by control and intervention groups

Age (years)

46.2 (10.4)

47.2 (9.7)

46.8 (10.0)

 male

26 (19.3%)

35 (18.4%)

61 (18.8%)

 female

109 (80.7%)

155 (81.6%)

264 (81.2%)

 Education (years)

16.3 (2.9)

16.1 (2.8)

16.2 (2.8)

 Blue Collar

5 (3.7%)

4 (2.1%)

9 (2.8%)

 White Collar

18 (13.3%)

37 (19.5%)

55 (16.9%)

 Professional

85 (63.0%)

107 (56.3%)

192 (59.1%)

 Retired, Student, Home Duties, Other

27 (20.0%)

42 (22.1%)

69 (21.2%)

  ≤ $30,000

32 (23.7%)

30 (15.8%)

62 (19.1%)

 $30,001–$50,000

14 (10.4%)

26 (13.7%)

40 (12.3%)

 $50,001–$70,000

26 (19.3%)

39 (20.5%)

65 (20.0%)

 $70,001–$100,000

25 (18.5%)

47 (24.7%)

72 (22.2%)

  ≥ $100,001

30 (22.2%)

30 (15.8%)

60 (18.5%)

 don’t know/prefer not to answer

8 (5.9%)

18 (9.5%)

26 (8.0%)

 BMI

27.7 (4.1)

28.5 (4.3)

28.2 (4.2)

 DASS-21 Depression

11.5 (8.5)

10.1 (7.7)

10.7 (8.1)

 Normal

62 (46.3%)

99 (52.1%)

161 (49.7%)

 Mild

24 (17.9%)

31 (16.3%)

55 (17.0%)

 Moderate

33 (24.6%)

44 (23.2%)

77 (23.8%)

 Severe

9 (6.7%)

10 (5.3%)

19 (5.9%)

 Extremely severe

6 (4.5%)

6 (3.2%)

12 (3.7%)

 DASS-21 Anxiety

6.6 (5.9)

5.6 (5.1)

6.0 (5.5)

 Normal

83 (61.5%)

134 (70.5%)

217 (66.8%)

 Mild

11 (8.1%)

17 (8.9%)

28 (8.6%)

 Moderate

32 (23.7%)

29 (15.3%)

61 (18.8%)

 Severe

6 (4.4%)

4 (2.1%)

10 (3.1%)

 Extremely severe

3 (2.2%)

6 (3.2%)

9 (2.8%)

 DASS-21 Stress

14.9 (7.1)

13.7 (6.2)

14.2 (6.6)

 Normal

73 (54.1%)

117 (61.6%)

190 (58.5%)

 Mild

32 (23.7%)

34 (17.9%)

66 (20.3%)

 Moderate

21 (15.6%)

32 (16.8%)

53 (16.3%)

 Severe

7 (5.2%)

7 (3.7%)

14 (4.3%)

 Extremely severe

2 (1.5%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (0.6%)

 Energy & Fatigue

45.8 (19.3)

43.9 (18.3)

44.7 (18.7)

 QoL Physical Health

47.8 (6.7)

46.8 (7.4)

47.2 (7.2)

 QoL Mental Health

41.4 (10.3)

42.5 (10.1)

42.0 (10.2)