Personalised nutrition advice reduces intake of discretionary foods and beverages: findings from the Food4Me randomised controlled trial

Livingstone, Katherine M.; Celis-Morales, Carlos; Navas-Carretero, Santiago; San-Cristobal, Rodrigo; Forster, Hannah; Woolhead, Clara; O’Donovan, Clare B.; Moschonis, George; Manios, Yannis; Traczyk, Iwona; Gundersen, Thomas E.; Drevon, Christian A.; Marsaux, Cyril F. M.; Fallaize, Rosalind; Macready, Anna L.; Daniel, Hannelore; Saris, Wim H. M.; Lovegrove, Julie A.; Gibney, Mike; Gibney, Eileen R.; Walsh, Marianne; Brennan, Lorraine; Martinez, J. Alfredo; Mathers, John C.

doi:10.1186/s12966-021-01136-5

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 1 Effect of personalised nutrition intervention on intake of discretionary foods and beverages at month 6

From: Personalised nutrition advice reduces intake of discretionary foods and beverages: findings from the Food4Me randomised controlled trial

	Control Mean (L0)	Personalised nutrition Mean (L1, L2, L3)	Personalised nutrition			L0 vs (L1 + L2 + L3)	L1 vs (L2 + L3)	L2 vs L3
	Control Mean (L0)	Personalised nutrition Mean (L1, L2, L3)	L1	L2	L3	L0 vs (L1 + L2 + L3)	L1 vs (L2 + L3)	L2 vs L3
n	312	958	312	325	321
Discretionary intake, FSS
Energy, % of total (kJ)	12.0 ± 0.41	11.1 ± 0.23	11.0 ± 0.41	11.6 ± 0.40	10.8 ± 0.41	0.06	0.68	0.14
Total fat, % of total (g/day)	13.5 ± 0.47	12.7 ± 0.27	12.5 ± 0.47	13.2 ± 0.46	12.2 ± 0.47	0.12	0.65	0.12
Saturated fat, % of total (g/day)	17.1 ± 0.58	16.0 ± 0.33	15.8 ± 0.58	16.7 ± 0.57	15.5 ± 0.57	0.10	0.69	0.16
Total sugars, % of total (g/day)	21.1 ± 0.65	19.0 ± 0.37	18.7 ± 0.65	19.6 ± 0.64	18.6 ± 0.64	0.005	0.58	0.31
Salt, % of total (g/day)	6.99 ± 0.32	6.53 ± 0.18	6.43 ± 0.32	6.87 ± 0.31	6.29 ± 0.31	0.21	0.69	0.19
Discretionary intake, ADG
Energy, % of total (kJ)	32.7 ± 0.59	31.2 ± 0.59	31.0 ± 0.59	32.5 ± 0.58	30.1 ± 0.58	0.031	0.65	0.005
Total fat, % of total (g/day)	33.3 ± 0.65	31.5 ± 0.37	31.1 ± 0.65	32.7 ± 0.64	30.7 ± 0.64	0.021	0.43	0.028
Saturated fat, % of total (g/day)	37.8 ± 0.75	36.0 ± 0.43	35.5 ± 0.75	37.3 ± 0.74	35.0 ± 0.74	0.034	0.49	0.030
Total sugars, % of total (g/day)	34.7 ± 0.78	31.7 ± 0.44	31.4 ± 0.78	32.8 ± 0.76	30.9 ± 0.77	< 0.001	0.58	0.08
Salt, % of total (g/day)	36.6 ± 0.71	35.9 ± 0.41	35.8 ± 0.71	37.3 ± 0.69	34.6 ± 0.70	0.42	0.89	0.007
Contribution made by sweets and snacks, % of total intake (g/day)
Total fat	16.3 ± 0.50	16.3 ± 0.28	16.2 ± 0.50	16.6 ± 0.49	16.1 ± 0.49	0.94	0.83	0.48
Saturated fat	18.5 ± 0.49	18.0 ± 0.33	17.8 ± 0.57	18.5 ± 0.56	17.8 ± 0.56	0.49	0.67	0.40
Total sugars	21.5 ± 0.63	19.1 ± 0.36	18.7 ± 0.63	19.3 ± 0.63	19.2 ± 0.63	< 0.001	0.51	0.91
Salt	7.45 ± 0.30	6.97 ± 0.17	6.99 ± 0.30	7.26 ± 0.30	6.65 ± 0.29	0.17	0.93	0.14

Values represent adjusted means ± SE; contrast analyses were used to test for significant differences between groups; ancova were adjusted for baseline intake (for month 6 analyses), age, sex and country. FSS, Food Standards Scotland classification of discretionary foods and beverages. ADG, Australian Dietary Guidelines classification of discretionary foods and beverages. L0, Level 0 - Control, generalised advice; L1, Level 1 – personalised advice based on diet alone; L2, Level 2 – personalised advice based on diet and phenotype; L3, Level 3 – personalised advice based on diet, phenotype and genotype

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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