Associations of park access, park use and physical activity in parks with wellbeing in an Asian urban environment: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Levels of perceived park access and true park access and their associations with park use time and park physical activity time (hours/month)

	n (%)	Model 1 (unadjusted)	95% CI	Model 2 (adjusted^a)	95% CI
Park use time (hours/month)
Perceived park access (minutes walk)
1–5 min	1453 (43.5)	Ref.	–	Ref.	–
6–10 min	1039 (31.1)	−2.50	−4.53 to − 0.46	−2.43	− 4.46 to − 0.39
11–20 min	589 (17.6)	−4.47	−6.92 to − 2.02	−4.45	−6.91 to − 1.99
> 20 min	261 (7.8)	− 4.88	−8.25 to − 1.51	−4.95	− 8.33 to − 1.57
Overall p-value		< 0.001		< 0.001
True park access
0–399 m	396 (11.5)	Ref.	–	Ref.	–
400–799 m	957 (27.9)	−1.59	−4.63 to 1.45	− 1.13	− 4.16 to 1.90
800–1599 m	1186 (34.5)	− 1.46	− 4.40 to 1.49	− 0.79	−3.87 to 2.29
> 1599 m	896 (26.1)	1.47	−1.57 to 4.55	2.20	− 0.96 to 5.37
Overall p-value		0.034		0.027
Park physical activity time (hours/month)
Perceived park access
1–5 min	1453 (43.5)	Ref.	–	Ref.	–
6–10 min	1039 (31.1)	0.07	−1.70 to 1.83	0.10	− 1.66 to 1.86
11–20 min	589 (17.6)	−1.67	−3.79 to 0.45	− 1.69	− 3.82 to 0.43
> 20 min	261 (7.8)	−0.61	− 3.53 to 2.30	−0.73	− 3.65 to 2.18
Overall p-value		0.416		0.386
True park access
0–399 m	396 (11.5)	Ref.	–	Ref.	–
400–799 m	957 (27.9)	−2.67	−5.30 to −0.05	− 2.43	− 5.04 to 0.19
800–1599 m	1186 (34.5)	−2.84	− 5.38 to − 0.29	−2.62	−5.28 to 0.03
> 1599 m	896 (26.1)	−1.56	−4.20 to 1.09	− 1.09	−3.82 to 1.64
Overall p-value		0.116		0.125

^aAdjusted for age, gender, race, marital status, work status, household income, education, BMI, combined chronic diseases (heart attack, stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, depression and cancer), the walkability index within the walkable neighbourhood buffer of 500 m surrounding participants’ homes, smoking and alcohol consumption

ISSN: 1479-5868