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Table 2 Overview of significant intervention effects on self-reported lifestyle behaviors

From: The effect of a cluster-randomized controlled trial on lifestyle behaviors among families at risk for developing type 2 diabetes across Europe: the Feel4Diabetes-study

  

Total number of observations (n)

Group

Baseline Mean (SD)

Mid-intervention Mean (SD)

Post-intervention Mean (SD)

Time x condition (F-value)

Baseline – Mid-intervention β(SE)

Baseline – Post-intervention β(SE)

Parents

 All countries

Water (glasses/day)

5299

I

4.6 (1.90)

4.9 (1.71)

4.8 (1.72)

3.24*

0.20 (0.08) *

0.12 (0.09)

SC

4.5 (1.94)

4.5 (1.90)

4.5 (1.88)

F&V (portions/day)

5341

I

2.7 (1.86)

3.0 (1.94)

3.1 (2.03)

3.31*

0.25 (0.10) *

0.14 (0.10)

SC

2.6 (1.84)

2.7 (1.92)

2.9 (1.90)

 Belgium

Water (glasses/day)

846

I

3.8 (2.17)

4.5 (1.83)

4.9 (1.77)

6.28**

0.73 (0.24) **

0.72 (0.25) **

SC

3.8 (2.13)

3.8 (2.01)

4.0 (1.88)

MVPA (days of 30 mins MVPA/day)

869

I

3.9 (2.34)

4.2 (2.14)

4.3 (2.16)

3.87*

−0.11 (0.28)

0.72 (0.30) *

SC

3.9 (2.28)

4.1 (2.22)

4.0 (2.22)

 Finland

Sweets (portions/ /day)

837

I

0.5 (0.49)

0.4 (0.31)

0.4 (0.38)

2.09

−0.09 (0.05) *

−0.03 (0.05)

SC

0.5 (0.38)

0.5 (0.38)

0.5 (0.40)

 Greece

Water (glasses/day)

1156

I

4.6 (1.82)

4.9 (1.71)

4.8 (1.76)

0.65

0.30 (0.14) *

0.26 (0.15)

SC

4.6 (1.91)

4.6 (1.84)

4.6 (1.93)

 Spain

Sweets (portions/day)

1033

I

0.7 (0.90)

0.5 (0.71)

0.4 (0.61)

3.66*

−0.21 (0.10) *

−0.26 (0.12) *

SC

0.5 (0.52)

0.5 (0.95)

0.5 (0.69)

 Hungary

Soft drink and juices containing sugar (glasses/day)

452

I

0.8 (1.48)

0.9 (1.75)

0.4 (0.80)

3.48*

0.69 (0.29) *

0.67 (0.35)

SC

1.3 (2.17)

0.5 (1.37)

0.3 (0.37)

Children

 All countries

Consumption of sweets

5306

I

0.8 (0.89)

0.7 (0.77)

0.6 (0.66)

5.13**

−0.05 (0.04)

−0.13 (0.04)**

SC

0.8 (0.84)

0.7 (0.75)

0.8 (0.77)

MVPA (days of 60 min MPA/day)

5357

I

5.2 (1.68)

5.7 (1.44)

5.6 (1.49)

3.37*

0.20 (0.08) *

0.17 (0.09)

SC

5.2 (1.68)

5.5 (1.60)

5.4 (1.53)

 Belgium

F&V (portions/day)

868

I

2.5 (1.32)

2.8 (1.35)

3.0 (1.32)

5.43**

0.44 (0.16) **

0.47 (0.17) **

SC

2.6 (1.26)

2.5 (1.06)

2.7 (1.31)

 Finland

MVPA (in days of 60 mins MVPA/day)

891

I

5.7 (1.36)

6.0 (1.24)

5.6 (1.49)

4.52*

0.48 (0.17) **

0.12 (0.17)

SC

5.8 (1.31)

5.6 (1.42)

5.5 (1.44)

 Spain

Sweets (portions/day)

1038

I

0.8 (0.86)

0.6 (0.59)

0.5 (0.66)

5.45**

−0.21 (0.10) *

−0.33 (0.10) **

SC

0.7 (0.56)

0.7 (0.85)

0.8 (0.84)

Soft drinks and juices containing sugar (glasses/day)

1019

I

0.4 (0.75)

0.1 (0.35)

0.2 (0.70)

2.24

0.10 (−0.17) *

−0.07 (0.09)

SC

0.3 (0.47)

0.2 (0.63)

0.2 (0.56)

 Hungary

Soft drinks and juices containing sugar (glasses/day)

454

I

1.1 (1.75)

1.1 (1.82)

0.8 (1.07)

3.16*

0.75 (0.30) *

0.22 (0.36)

SC

1.1 (1.98)

0.4 (0.84)

0.8 (1.06)

  1. *p-value < 0.05; **p-value< 0.01; I Intervention group; C Control group; SD Standard deviation; β(SE): Beta (Standard error); MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. One portion size: water and soft drinks/juices containing sugar: 2.5 dl, fruit and vegetables: 1/2 cup (2.5 dl) or the size of a tennis ball, sweets: a chocolate bar, half a cup of sweets, cookies or one scoop of ice-cream, salty/snacks fast food: a small hamburger, a small bag of chips or a slice of pizza.; I: intervention group; SC standard care; F&V: fruit & vegetable