Fig. 1

Standardised mean differences in spatial memory performance (D) for high-calorie versus low-calorie foods across populations. Lower (negative) values indicate a greater accuracy in spatial memory for high-calorie foods. A significant Caloric Density*Taste interaction was found in the Japanese sample, thus differences are stratified per Taste group. An asterisk denotes a significant expression of the high-calorie spatial memory bias within a population at p < 0.05