Table 1 Selected Semi-Structured Interview Guide Questions

Introduction Questions

1. How would you describe your firstborn when he/she was a baby?

• Probe on temperament, appetite, growth

2. How would you describe your secondborn when he/she was a baby?

• Probe on temperament, appetite, growth

Learned Experience

3. Could you first explain how you learned how to feed your children during infancy?

• Probe on how they learned to feed firstborn (e.g., family members)

• Probe on how they learned how to feed secondborn (e.g., experience from firstborn)

4. What specifically did you learn from feeding your firstborn during infancy that may have influenced how you fed your secondborn during infancy?

• Probe on spacing making it easier or more difficult

• Probe on firstborn characteristics (e.g., temperament, appetite, growth)

5. Can you tell me about using food to calm or soothe with your children in infancy?

• Probe on food to soothe with firstborn and secondborn

• Probe on whether what they learned worked well with firstborn and used with secondborn

• Probe for specific narratives/stories explaining why

6. Can you tell me about using food to reward behavior or as a bribe with your children in toddlerhood?

• Probe on use with secondborn—did you learn about it being effective because of your firstborn?

7. Could you first explain how you learned how to feed your children during toddlerhood?

• Probe on how they learned to feed firstborn (e.g., family members)

• Probe on how they learned how to feed secondborn (e.g., experience from firstborn)

8. What specifically did you learn from feeding your firstborn as a toddler that may have influenced how you fed your secondborn during toddlerhood (1 to 3 years old)?

• Probe on spacing making it easier or more difficult

• Probe on firstborn characteristics (e.g., temperament, appetite, growth)