Table 5 Baseline to post-intervention changes in common measures of physical fitness related outcomes

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

VO_2peak (mL/kg/min)

31.5 ± 5.2

31.4 ± 4.8

–0.1

–0.02

Braaksma et al. 2022 [28]

VO_2peak (mL/kg/min)

42.3 ± 4.3

43.7 ± 4.3

1.4

0.32

Lauglo et al. 2016 [29]

VO_2peak (mL/kg/min)

37.3

41.0

3.7

N.A.

Messler et al. 2018 [32]

VO_2peak (L/min)

1.25 ± 0.37

1.31 ± 0.34

0.06

0.17

Taylor et al. 2019 [36]

VO_2peak (mL/kg/min)

23.3 ± 6.1

29.1 ± 10.4

5.8

0.68

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

VO_2peak (mL/kg/min)

37.6 ± 9.7

37.7 ± 8.8

0.1

0.01

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

6MWT (m)

598 ± 64.0

666 ± 69.4

67.7

1.02

Leahy et al. 2021 [30]

6MWT (m)

400 ± 127

563 ± 158

163

1.25

Schranz et al. 2018 [33]

6MWT (m)

568 ± 65

573 ± 58

5

0.09

Smati et al. 2022 [34]

6MWT (m)

199 ± 48.6

317 ± 107

118

1.41

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Sit-to-stand (repetitions)

16.8 ± 4.0

16.0 ± 3.4

–0.8

–0.22

Leahy et al. 2021 [30]

Sit-to-stand (repetitions)

15 ± 5

18 ± 5

3

0.91

Leahy et al. 2021 [30]

Push-up (repetitions)

5 ± 6

12 ± 12

7

0.99

Braaksma et al. 2022 [28]

Grip strength (kg)

14.5 ± 5.4

14.9 ± 5.5

0.2

0.04

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Grip strength (N)

151 ± 76.3

150 ± 72.3

–1

–0.01

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Standing broad jump (m)

87.4 ± 35.6

91.7 ± 38.7

4.3

0.33

Braaksma et al. 2022 [28]

Anaerobic performance (MPST mean power, W)

163 ± 73

198 ± 89

35

0.42

Taylor et al. 2019 [36]

Anaerobic performance (Wingate peak power, W)

342 ± 145

392 ± 152

50

0.34

Taylor et al. 2019 [36]

Anaerobic performance (Wingate mean power, W)

234 ± 99

230 ± 93

–4

–0.04

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Anaerobic performance (MPST peak power, W)

199 ± 161

222 ± 188

23

0.33

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Anaerobic performance (MPST mean power, W)

169 ± 136

187 ± 156

18

0.40