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Table 3 Treatment effects on parent-reported change in child physical activity, diet, screen time, and sleep outcomes.1

From: Impact of ¡Míranos! on parent-reported home-based healthy energy balance-related behaviors in low-income Latino preschool children: a clustered randomized controlled trial

Outcomes

H + CBI (n = 101)

CBI (n = 101)

Control (n = 123)

Difference (H + CBI – Control)

Difference (CBI – Control)

Mean change (SE)

Mean change (SE)

Mean change (SE)

Difference [95% CI]

P value

Difference [95% CI]

P value

Physical Activity

 Adult Facilitated PA2

0.44 (0.12)*

0.31 (0.13)*

0.14 (0.14)

0.30 [-0.06, 0.66]

0.11

0.17 [-0.20, 0.54]

0.38

Diet

 Fruit (cups)3

0.35 (0.19)^

-0.26 (0.20)

0.20 (0.21)

0.15 [-0.40, 0.71]

0.59

-0.46 [-1.02, 0.11]

0.12

 Vegetable (cups)4

0.31 (0.15)*

-0.26 (0.16)

0.03 (0.17)

0.28 [-0.16, 0.73]

0.21

-0.29 [-0.74, 0.17]

0.22

 Fruit and Vegetable (cups)5

0.67 (0.31)*

-0.56 (0.32)^

0.15 (0.33)

0.52 [-0.37, 1.41]

0.25

-0.70 [-1.61, 0.21]

0.13

 Added Sugar Total (tsp)6

-0.89 (0.59)

-1.37 (0.60)*

0.18 (0.64)

-1.08 [-2.78, 0.63]

0.22

-1.56 [-3.28, 0.16]

0.08^

 Added Sugar from food (tsp)7

-0.17 (0.36)

-0.73 (0.38)^

0.31 (0.39)

-0.48 [-1.53, 0.57]

0.37

-1.04 [-2.11, 0.04]

0.06^

 Added Sugar from Sugar Sweetened Beverages (tsp)8

-0.60 (0.29)*

-0.67 (0.31)*

-0.26 (0.32)

-0.34 [-1.19, 0.52]

0.44

-0.41 [-1.27, 0.46]

0.36

Screen Time

 Weekday (hrs)9

0.02 (0.09)

0.16 (0.09)^

0.59 (0.08)*

-0.57 [-0.82, -0.33]

 < 0.001*

-0.43 [-0.68, -0.18]

0.006*

 Weekend (hrs)10

-0.22 (0.15)

0.10 (0.16)

0.21 (0.17)

-0.43 [-0.87, 0.02]

0.06^

-0.11 [-0.57, 0.35]

0.64

 Total Week (hrs)11

-0.04 (0.09)

0.16 (0.09)^

0.52 (0.08)*

-0.56 [-0.80, -0.31]

 < 0.001*

-0.36 [-0.60, -0.11]

0.004*

Sleep Time

 Weekday (hrs)12

0.28 (0.09)*

0.22 (0.09)*

0.03 (0.08)

0.25 [0.01, 0.48]

0.04*

0.19 [-0.04, 0.42]

0.11

 Weekend (hrs)13

0.23 (0.18)

0.10 (0.19)

-0.13 (0.20)

0.36 [-0.16, 0.88]

0.18

0.22 [-0.31, 0.76]

0.41

 Total Week (hrs)14

0.25 (0.10)*

0.19 (0.10)*

-0.10 (0.09)

0.35 [0.09, 0.60]

0.009*

0.30 [0.04, 0.55]

0.03*

  1. ^ 0.05 <  = p < 0.1
  2. * p < 0.05
  3. 1 All models take into account the correlations between multiple measures from the same child and multiple children from the same center and adjust for treatment, time, treatment × time, center size, and outcome-specific significant confounding variables as noted below
  4. 2 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 455 observations (average observations per child = 1.5, average children per center = 37.9) adjusting for race/ethnicity; ICC = 0.47 for measures nested within children; ICC < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  5. 3 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 478 observations (average observations per child = 1.6, average children per center = 39.8) adjusting for baseline asthma and mother’s education; ICC =  < 0.001 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.25 for children nested within centers
  6. 4 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 448 observations (average observations per child = 1.5, average children per center = 37.3) no additional adjustments; ICC = 0.08 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.05 for children nested within centers
  7. 5 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 444 observations (average observations per child = 1.5, average children per center = 37.0) adjusting for asthma; ICC = 0.20 for measures nested within children; ICC =  < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  8. 6 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 461 observations (average observations per child = 1.6, average children per center = 38.4) adjusting for sex, mother’s education and language; ICC = 0.31 for measures nested within children; ICC < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  9. 7 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 470 observations (average observations per child = 1.6, average children per center = 39.2) adjusting for sex and ethnicity; ICC = 0.22 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.001 for children nested within centers
  10. 8 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 479 observations (average observations per child = 1.6, average children per center = 39.9) adjusting for mother’s education and language; ICC = 0.36 for measures nested within children; ICC < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  11. 9 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 572 observations (average observations per child = 1.8, average children per center = 47.8) adjusting for sex, ethnicity and mother’s language; ICC = 0.42 for measures nested within children; ICC < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  12. 10 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 406 observations (average observations per child = 1.5, average children per center = 33.9) adjusting for sex and mother’s language; ICC = 0.37 for measures nested within children; ICC < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  13. 11 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 575 observations (average observations per child = 1.8, average children per center = 47.9) adjusting for sex, ethnicity and mother’s language; ICC = 0.47 for measures nested within children; ICC =  < 0.001 for children nested within centers
  14. 12 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 565 observations (average observations per child = 1.8, average children per center = 47.1) adjusting for ethnicity and mother’s language; ICC = 0.38 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.01 for children nested within centers
  15. 13 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 421 observations (average observations per child = 1.5, average children per center = 34.1) adjusting for mother’s education and language; ICC = 0.16 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.003 for children nested within centers
  16. 14 Based on a linear mixed effects model of 568 observations (average observations per child = 1.8, average children per center = 47.3) adjusting for mother’s language; ICC = 0.22 for measures nested within children; ICC = 0.008 for children nested within centers