The effect of physical activity on sleep disturbance in various populations: a scoping review of randomized clinical trials

Table 6 Two RCTs investigated PA in sleep in subjects with other health conditions

Authors (year)	Design	Participants	Country	Duration	Intervention and measures	Outcome measures (Sleep related)	Main findings (sleep-related)
Freburger et al. (2010) [63]	RP	346, older adults with arthritis 87.5% female Mean age: 69.74 years old	USA,	8 weeks	low-to-moderate-intensity physical activity, People With Arthritis Can Exercise (PACE) program	self-rated sleep quality	At 8 weeks, the intervention group reported fewer days waking up tired and fewer days waking up at night and/or having poor mental health Treatment effects were not maintained at 3 and 6 months
Cho et al. (2018) [64]	RP	57 maintenance hemodialysis patients 54.4% female mean age 57 years old	South Korea,	12 weeks	A stationary bike was used for aerobic exercise (AE) and a TheraBand ®/theraball for resistance exercise (RE) triaxial accelerometer	triaxial accelerometer	Average movement index (%) decreased significantly in the AE (P = 0.006), RE (P = 0.001), and CE groups (P = 0.02) at 12 weeks compared with baseline The average sleep fragmentation index (%), indicating poor Sleep quality, decreased significantly at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the AE (P = 0.03) and RE groups (P = 0.01)

RP Randomized parallel, RC Randomized crossover, PSQI Pittsburgh sleep quality index, AE Aerobic exercise, RE Resistance exercise

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