Table 2 Summary of theories referenced in included studies

Social Cognitive Theory [108]

9

[37, 40,41,42,43, 55, 66, 86, 89]

Self-determination theory [109]

6

[38, 39, 49, 67, 68, 92]

Technology Acceptance model [110]

2

[40, 41]

Health belief model [111]

2

[45, 52]

Transtheoretical model of behaviour change [112]

5

[6, 45, 52, 56, 91]

The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework [113]

2

[55, 81]

Self-regulation theory [114]

1

[95]

The Obesity-Related Behavioural Intervention Trials (ORBIT) model [115]

2

[66, 86]

Theory of planned behaviour [116]

1

[81]

Model for large scale knowledge translation

2

[83, 84]