Table 2 Characteristics of Studies with Unsupervised Exercise Components

Aamot et al. [54]

150 minutes MVPA/week

52 weeks post-intervention

–

–

Bjorke et al. [73]

2 sessions/week

24 weeks

5-10 × 2 min; 80–90% HRR; Running/Walking/Cycling; 60s recovery.

75 min; 40–50% HRR; Running/Walking/Cycling.

Currie et al. [85]

1 session/week

12 weeks post-intervention

Lower limb exercises

Lower limb exercises

Dowd et al. [94]

150 minutes MVPA/week

12 weeks post-intervention

–

–

Emtner et al. [99]

2 sessions/week

8 weeks post-intervention

Pool swimming

–

Gauthier et al. [108]

3 sessions/week

6 weeks

20x30s; 6–8 BORG10 RPE; Wheelchair propulsion; 60s recovery.

30 min; 4–5 BORG10 RPE; Wheelchair propulsion.

Guillamo et al. [118]

4–6 sessions/week

20 weeks post-intervention

3 × 3-5 min; 17–18 BORG20 RPE; Biking; 3 min recovery

–

Heje et al. [123]

3 sessions/week

8 weeks post-intervention

2 sets of 5x10s; Maximal sprints; Biking; 50s recovery.

–

Hesketh et al. [124]

3 sessions/week

12 weeks

4-9x 60s; 80% HR max; Body weight exercises; 60s recovery.

45 min; 50–70% HR max; Home-based exercises.

Howden et al. [129]

3–4 sessions/week

80 weeks

4x4min; 95% HR peak; Running/Biking/Elliptical; 3 min recovery.

–

Ivanova et al. [134]

1–2 sessions/week

24 weeks post-intervention

4-10x 60s; 90% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical; 60s recovery.

20-50 min; 65% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical.

Jung et al. [139]

1–2 sessions/week

4 weeks post-intervention

10x 60s; 90% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical; 60s recovery.

50 min; 65% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical.

Jung et al. [26]

3 sessions/week

52 weeks post-intervention

10x 60s; 90% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical; 60s recovery.

50 min; 65% HR peak; Treadmill/Stationary bike/Elliptical.

Karstoft et al. [142]

5 sessions/week

16 weeks

10x3min; 70% VO2 peak; Walking; 3 min recovery.

60 min; 55% VO2 peak; Walking.

Keogh et al. [147]

4 sessions/week

8 weeks

5x45s; High intensity; Biking; 90s recovery.

20 min; Moderate intensity; Biking.

Locke et al. [157]

75–150 minutes MVPA/week

24 weeks post-intervention

10x60s; 85% HR peak; Walking/Biking/Elliptical; 60s recovery.

30 min; 65% HR peak; Walking/Biking/Elliptical.

Madssen et al. [163]

3 sessions/week

52 weeks post-intervention

4x4min; 85–95% HR max; Running/Biking/Skiing; 3 min recovery.

–

Mendelson et al. [167]

3 sessions/week

16 weeks post-intervention

22x60s; 100% PPO; Cycle ergometer; 60s recovery.

32-44 min; 50% PPO; Cycle ergometer.

Midtgaard et al. [171]

180 minutes MVPA/week

52 weeks post-intervention

–

–

Moholdt et al. [173]

3–4 sessions/week

24 weeks post-intervention

4x4min; 90% HR max; Biking; 3 min recovery.

46 min; 70% HR max; Biking.

Moholdt et al. [174]

3 sessions/week

24 weeks

4x4min; 85–95% HR max; Running/Biking/Swimming; 3 min recovery.

–

Pattyn et al. [184]

150 minutes MVPA/week

52 weeks

–

–

Poon et al. [188]

3 sessions/week

8 weeks

10x60s; 80–90% HR max; Running; 60s recovery.

50 min; 65–70% HR max; Running.

Poon et al. [189]

3 sessions/week

16 weeks post-intervention

6-12x 60s; 80–90% HR max; Running; 60s recovery.

40 min; 65–70% HR max; Walking.

Roy et al. [198]

3 sessions/week

52 weeks

HIIT exercises; 80–90% HR max; Walking/Biking

–

Scott et al. [207]

3 sessions/week

6 weeks

6-10x 60s; 80% HR max; Body weight exercises; 60s recovery.

–

Smith-Ryan et al. [213]

2 sessions/week

12 weeks

10x60s; 75–95% HR max; Home-based exercises; 60s recovery.

–

Taylor et al. [217]

3 sessions/week

52 weeks post-intervention

4x4min; RPE 15–18 BORG20 RPE; Home-based exercises; 3 min recovery.

40 min; RPE 11–13 BORG20 RPE; Home-based exercises.

Valent et al. [226]

2–3 sessions/week

8–12 weeks

6-8 × 2-3 min; 60–80% HRR; Hand cycling; 1-2 min recovery.

–

Vella et al. [227]

3 sessions/week

5 weeks post-intervention

10x60s; 75–80% HRR; Treadmill/Cycle ergometer/Elliptical; 60s recovery.

20 min; 55–59% HRR; Treadmill/Cycle ergometer/Elliptical.