Table 2 Isotemporal substitution (30-min substitutions) between different forms of screen time, physical activity, and sleep at baseline predicting follow-up BMI z-score in females and males (β [95% CI]) (N = 10,544)

Decrease by 30 min

Females (n = 5,058)

Increase by 30 min

↓ Socializing

↓ Streaming

↓ Gaming

↓ Physical Activity

↓ Sleep

↑ Socializing

-

-0.003 (-0.01, 0.01)

-0.005 (-0.02, 0.01)

0.03 (0.002, 0.05)*

0.002 (-0.01, 0.01)

↑ Streaming

.003 (-0.01, 0.01)

-

-0.002 (-0.02, 0.01)

0.03 (0.01, 0.05)**

0.005 (-0.004, 0.01)

↑ Gaming

0.005 (-0.01, 0.02)

0.002 (-0.01, 0.02)

-

0.03 (0.01, 0.06)*

0.01 (-0.01, 0.02)

↑ Physical Activity

-0.03 (-0.05, -0.002)*

-0.03 (-0.05, -0.01)**

-0.03 (-0.06, -0.01)*

-

-0.02 (-0.05, -0.003)*

↑ Sleep

-0.002 (-0.01, 0.01)

-0.005 (-0.01, 0.004)

-0.01 (-0.02, 0.01)

0.02 (0.003, 0.05)*

-

Males (n = 5,486)

↑ Socializing

-

0.01 (-0.002, 0.02)

0.01 (0.0001, 0.02)*

0.004 (-0.03, 0.04)

0.03 (0.01, 0.05)**

↑ Streaming

-0.01 (-0.02, 0.002)

-

0.001 (-0.005, 0.01)

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.02)

0.02 (0.01, 0.03)***

↑ Gaming

-0.01 (-0.02, -0.0001)*

-0.001 (-0.01, 0.005)

-

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.02)

0.02 (0.01, 0.03)***

↑ Physical Activity

-0.004 (-0.04, 0.03)

0.01 (-0.02, 0.04)

0.01 (-0.02, 0.04)

-

0.02 (-0.01, 0.05)

↑ Sleep

-0.03 (-0.05, -0.01)**

-0.02 (-0.03, -0.01)***

-0.02 (-0.03, -0.01)***

-0.02 (-0.05, 0.01)

-