Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Canada's Physical Activity Guide for Youth. 2002, Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Canada's Physical Activity Guideline for Children. 2002, Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Janssen I: Physical activity guidelines for children and youth. Can J Public Health. 2007, 98 (Suppl 2): S109-121.
Google Scholar
Twisk JW: Physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents: a critical review. Sports Med. 2001, 31 (8): 617-627. 10.2165/00007256-200131080-00006.
CAS
Google Scholar
Tolfrey K, Jones AM, Campbell IG: The effect of aerobic exercise training on the lipid-lipoprotein profile of children and adolescents. Sports Med. 2000, 29 (2): 99-112. 10.2165/00007256-200029020-00003.
CAS
Google Scholar
Kelley GA, Kelley KS: Exercise and resting blood pressure in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Ped Exerc Sci. 2003, 15: 83-97.
Google Scholar
Reilly JJ, McDowell ZC: Physical activity interventions in the prevention and treatment of paediatric obesity: systematic review and critical appraisal. Proc Nutr Soc. 2003, 62 (3): 611-619. 10.1079/PNS2003276.
Google Scholar
Etnier JL, Nowell PM, Landers DM, Sibley BA: A meta-regression to examine the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive performance. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2006, 52 (1): 119-130. 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.01.002.
Google Scholar
Cook DJ, Mulrow CD, Haynes RB: Systematic reviews: synthesis of best evidence for clinical decisions. Ann Intern Med. 1997, 126 (5): 376-380.
CAS
Google Scholar
Warburton DER, Charlesworth S, Ivey A, Nettlefold L, Bredin SSD: A systematic review of the evidence for Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010, 7: 39.
Google Scholar
Paterson DH, Warburton DER: Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010, 7: 38.
Google Scholar
Tremblay MS, Kho ME, Tricco AC, Duggan M: Process description and evaluation of Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines development. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010, 7: 42.
Google Scholar
Kesaniemi A, Riddoch CJ, Reeder B, Blair SN, Sorensen TIA: Advancing the future of physical activity guidelines in Canada: an independent expert panel interpretation of the evidence. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010, 7: 41.
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Family Guide to Physical Activity for Youth 10-14 Years of Age. 2002, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Family Guide to Physical Activity for Children 6-9 Years of Age. 2002, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Teacher's Guide to Physical Activity for Youth 10-14 Years of Age. 2002, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Teacher's Guide to Physical Activity for Children 6-9 Years of Age. 2002, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Gotta Move! Magazine for Children 6-9 Years of Age. 2002, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada
Google Scholar
Health Canada, Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Let's Get Active! Magazine for Youth 10-14 Years of Age of Public Works and Government Services Canada. 2002
Google Scholar
Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, Daniels SR, Dishman RK, Gutin B, Hergenroeder AC, Must A, Nixon PA, Pivarnik JM, Rowland T, Trost S, Trudeau F: Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005, 146 (6): 732-737. 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.01.055.
Google Scholar
Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee: Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report, 2008. 2008, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Google Scholar
Baquet G, van Praagh E, Berthoin S: Endurance training and aerobic fitness in young people. Sports Med. 2003, 33 (15): 1127-1143. 10.2165/00007256-200333150-00004.
Google Scholar
Lau DC, Douketis JD, Morrison KM, Hramiak IM, Sharma AM, Ur E: 2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children [summary]. CMAJ. 2007, 176 (8): S1-13.
Google Scholar
Downs SH, Black N: The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998, 52: 377-384. 10.1136/jech.52.6.377.
CAS
Google Scholar
Oleckno WA: Essential Epidemiology: Principles and Applications. 2002, Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press
Google Scholar
Cohen J: Statistical power calculations for the behavioral sciences. 1988, Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2
Google Scholar
Petitti DB: Meta-Analysis, Decision Analysis, and Cost-Effective Analysis. 1994, New York, NY: Oxford University Press
Google Scholar
Carnethon MR, Gulati M, Greenland P: Prevalence and cardiovascular disease correlates of low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents and adults. JAMA. 2005, 294 (23): 2981-2988. 10.1001/jama.294.23.2981.
CAS
Google Scholar
Kahle EB, Zipf WB, Lamb DR, Horswill CA, Ward KM: Association between mild, routine exercise and improved insulin dynamics and glucose control in obese adolescents. Int J Sports Med. 1996, 17 (1): 1-6. 10.1055/s-2007-972799.
CAS
Google Scholar
Hardin DS, Hebert JD, Bayden T, Dehart M, Mazur L: Treatment of childhood syndrome X. Pediatrics. 1997, 100 (2): E5-10.1542/peds.100.2.e5.
CAS
Google Scholar
Stergioulas A, Tripolitsioti A, Messinis D, Bouloukos A, Nounopoulos C: The effects of endurance training on selected coronary risk factors in children. Acta Paediatr. 1998, 87 (4): 401-404. 10.1080/08035259850156986.
CAS
Google Scholar
Ferguson MA, Gutin B, Le NA, Karp W, Litaker M, Humphries M, Okuyama T, Riggs S, Owens S: Effects of exercise training and its cessation on components of the insulin resistance syndrome in obese children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999, 23 (8): 889-895. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800968.
CAS
Google Scholar
Lau PWC, CW Y, Lee A, Sung RYT: The physiological and psychological effects of resistance training on Chinese obese adolescents. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness. 2004, 2 (2): 115-120.
Google Scholar
Bell LM, Watts K, Siafarikas A, Thompson A, Ratnam N, Bulsara M, Finn J, O'Driscoll G, Green DJ, Jones TW, Davis EA: Exercise alone reduces insulin resistance in obese children independently of changes in body composition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007, 92 (11): 4230-4235. 10.1210/jc.2007-0779.
CAS
Google Scholar
Heyman E, Toutain C, Delamarche P, Berthon P, Briard D, Youssef H, Dekerdanet M, Gratas-Delamarche A: Exercise training and cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetic adolescent girls. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2007, 19 (4): 408-419.
Google Scholar
Meyer AA, Kundt G, Lenschow U, Schuff-Werner P, Kienast W: Improvement of early vascular changes and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children after a six-month exercise program. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006, 48 (9): 1865-1870. 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.035.
Google Scholar
Dasgupta K, O'Loughlin J, Chen S, Karp I, Paradis G, Tremblay J, Hamet P, Pilote L: Emergence of sex differences in prevalence of high systolic blood pressure: analysis of a longitudinal adolescent cohort. Circulation. 2006, 114 (24): 2663-2670. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624536.
Google Scholar
Nielsen GA, Andersen LB: The association between high blood pressure, physical fitness, and body mass index in adolescents. Prev Med. 2003, 36 (2): 229-234. 10.1016/S0091-7435(02)00017-8.
Google Scholar
Hagberg JM, Goldring D, Ehsani AA, Heath GW, Hernandez A, Schechtman K, Holloszy JO: Effect of exercise training on the blood pressure and hemodynamic features of hypertensive adolescents. Am J Cardiol. 1983, 52 (7): 763-768. 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90412-5.
CAS
Google Scholar
Hagberg JM, Ehsani AA, Goldring D, Hernandez A, Sinacore DR, Holloszy JO: Effect of weight training on blood pressure and hemodynamics in hypertensive adolescents. J Pediatr. 1984, 104 (1): 147-151. 10.1016/S0022-3476(84)80615-0.
CAS
Google Scholar
Danforth JS, Allen KD, Fitterling JM, Danforth JA, Farrar D, Brown M, Drabman RS: Exercise as a treatment for hypertension in low-socioeconomic-status black children. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990, 58 (2): 237-239. 10.1037/0022-006X.58.2.237.
CAS
Google Scholar
Ewart CK, Young DR, Hagberg JM: Effects of school-based aerobic exercise on blood pressure in adolescent girls at risk for hypertension. Am J Public Health. 1998, 88 (6): 949-951. 10.2105/AJPH.88.6.949.
CAS
Google Scholar
Jago R, Jonker ML, Missaghian M, Baranowski T: Effect of 4 weeks of Pilates on the body composition of young girls. Prev Med. 2006, 42 (3): 177-180. 10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.11.010.
Google Scholar
Yin Z, Davis CL, Moore JB, Treiber FA: Physical activity buffers the effects of chronic stress on adiposity in youth. Ann Behav Med. 2005, 29 (1): 29-36. 10.1207/s15324796abm2901_5.
Google Scholar
Ramirez-Lopez G, Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Sanchez-Corona J, Salmeron-Castro J, Gonzalez-Ortiz M, Celis-de la Rosa A, Valles-Sanchez V: Weight, physical activity, and smoking as determinants of insulinemia in adolescents. Arch Med Res. 2001, 32 (3): 208-213. 10.1016/S0188-4409(01)00270-3.
CAS
Google Scholar
Andersen LB, Hasselstrom H, Gronfeldt V, Hansen SE, Karsten F: The relationship between physical fitness and clustered risk, and tracking of clustered risk from adolescence to young adulthood: eight years follow-up in the Danish Youth and Sport Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2004, 1 (1): 6-10.1186/1479-5868-1-6.
Google Scholar
Eiberg A, Hasselstrom H, Gronfeldt V, Froberg K, Cooper A, Andersen LB: Physical fitness as a predictor of cardiovascular disease risk factors in 6- to 7-year-old Danish children: The Copenhagen school-child intervention study. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2005, 17: 161-170.
Google Scholar
Hasselstrom H, Karlsson KM, Hansen SE, Gronfeldt V, Froberg K, Andersen LB: Peripheral bone mineral density and different intensities of physical activity in children 6-8 years old: the Copenhagen School Child Intervention study. Calcif Tissue Int. 2007, 80 (1): 31-38. 10.1007/s00223-006-0137-9.
CAS
Google Scholar
Kelishadi R, Razaghi EM, Gouya MM, Ardalan G, Gheiratmand R, Delavari A, Motaghian M, Ziaee V, Siadat ZD, Majdzadeh R, Heshmat R, Barekati H, Arabi MS, Heidarzadeh A, Shariatinejad K: Association of physical activity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: CASPIAN Study. Horm Res. 2007, 67 (1): 46-52. 10.1159/000096121.
CAS
Google Scholar
Anderssen SA, Cooper AR, Riddoch C, Sardinha LB, Harro M, Brage S, Andersen LB: Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007, 14 (4): 526-531. 10.1097/HJR.0b013e328011efc1.
Google Scholar
Andersen LB, Harro M, Sardinha LB, Froberg K, Ekelund U, Brage S, Anderssen SA: Physical activity and clustered cardiovascular risk in children: a cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study). Lancet. 2006, 368 (9532): 299-304. 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69075-2.
Google Scholar
Carrel AL, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Nemeth BA, Sullivan J, Allen DB: Improvement of fitness, body composition, and insulin sensitivity in overweight children in a school-based exercise program: a randomized, controlled study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005, 159 (10): 963-968. 10.1001/archpedi.159.10.963.
Google Scholar
Nassis GP, Papantakou K, Skenderi K, Triandafillopoulou M, Kavouras SA, Yannakoulia M, Chrousos GP, Sidossis LS: Aerobic exercise training improves insulin sensitivity without changes in body weight, body fat, adiponectin, and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese girls. Metabolism. 2005, 54 (11): 1472-1479. 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.05.013.
CAS
Google Scholar
Shaibi GQ, Cruz ML, Ball GD, Weigensberg MJ, Salem GJ, Crespo NC, Goran MI: Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in overweight Latino adolescent males. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006, 38 (7): 1208-1215. 10.1249/01.mss.0000227304.88406.0f.
CAS
Google Scholar
Treuth MS, Hunter GR, Figueroa-Colon R, Goran MI: Effects of strength training on intra-abdominal adipose tissue in obese prepubertal girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998, 30 (12): 1738-1743. 10.1097/00005768-199812000-00013.
CAS
Google Scholar
Gordon-Larsen P, Adair LS, Popkin BM: Ethnic differences in physical activity and inactivity patterns and overweight status. Obes Res. 2002, 10 (3): 141-149. 10.1038/oby.2002.23.
Google Scholar
Eisenmann JC, Bartee RT, Wang MQ: Physical activity, TV viewing, and weight in U.S. youth: 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Obes Res. 2002, 10 (5): 379-385. 10.1038/oby.2002.52.
Google Scholar
Kim J, Must A, Fitzmaurice GM, Gillman MW, Chomitz V, Kramer E, McGowan R, Peterson KE: Relationship of physical fitness to prevalence and incidence of overweight among schoolchildren. Obes Res. 2005, 13 (7): 1246-1254. 10.1038/oby.2005.148.
Google Scholar
Dencker M, Thorsson O, Karlsson MK, Linden C, Eiberg S, Wollmer P, Andersen LB: Daily physical activity related to body fat in children aged 8-11 years. J Pediatr. 2006, 149 (1): 38-42. 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.02.002.
CAS
Google Scholar
Rosenberg DE, Sallis JF, Conway TL, Cain KL, McKenzie TL: Active transportation to school over 2 years in relation to weight status and physical activity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006, 14 (10): 1771-1776. 10.1038/oby.2006.204.
Google Scholar
Laxmaiah A, Nagalla B, Vijayaraghavan K, Nair M: Factors affecting prevalence of overweight among 12- to 17-year-old urban adolescents in Hyderabad, India. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007, 15 (6): 1384-1390. 10.1038/oby.2007.165.
Google Scholar
Hernandez B, Gortmaker SL, Colditz GA, Peterson KE, Laird NM, Parra-Cabrera S: Association of obesity with physical activity, television programs and other forms of video viewing among children in Mexico city. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999, 23 (8): 845-854. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800962.
CAS
Google Scholar
Tremblay MS, Willms JD: Is the Canadian childhood obesity epidemic related to physical inactivity?. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003, 27 (9): 1100-1105. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802376.
CAS
Google Scholar
Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Boyce WF, King MA, Pickett W: Overweight and obesity in Canadian adolescents and their associations with dietary habits and physical activity patterns. J Adolesc Health. 2004, 35 (5): 360-367.
Google Scholar
Veugelers PJ, Fitzgerald AL: Prevalence of and risk factors for childhood overweight and obesity. CMAJ. 2005, 173 (6): 607-613.
Google Scholar
Ha A, Bae S, Urrutia-Rijas X, Singh KP: Eating and physical activity pracitces in risk of overweight and overweight children. Nutrition Research. 2005, 25: 905-915. 10.1016/j.nutres.2005.09.010.
CAS
Google Scholar
Ness AR, Leary SD, Mattocks C, Blair SN, Reilly JJ, Wells J, Ingle S, Tilling K, Smith GD, Riddoch C: Objectively measured physical activity and fat mass in a large cohort of children. PLoS Med. 2007, 4 (3): e97-10.1371/journal.pmed.0040097.
Google Scholar
Li Y, Zhai F, Yang X, Schouten EG, Hu X, He Y, Luan D, Ma G: Determinants of childhood overweight and obesity in China. Br J Nutr. 2007, 97 (1): 210-215. 10.1017/S0007114507280559.
CAS
Google Scholar
Smith BJ, Phongsavan P, Havea D, Halavatau V, Chey T: Body mass index, physical activity and dietary behaviours among adolescents in the Kingdom of Tonga. Public Health Nutr. 2007, 10 (2): 137-144. 10.1017/S1368980007226060.
CAS
Google Scholar
Urrutia-Rojas X, Menchaca J: Prevalence of risk for type 2 diabetes in school children. J Sch Health. 2006, 76 (5): 189-194. 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00093.x.
Google Scholar
Guerra S, Teixeira-Pinto A, Ribeiro JC, Ascensao A, Magalhaes J, Andersen LB, Duarte JA, Mota J: Relationship between physical activity and obesity in children and adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006, 46 (1): 79-83.
CAS
Google Scholar
Ochoa MC, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Martinez JA, Marti A: Predictor factors for childhood obesity in a Spanish case-control study. Nutrition. 2007, 23 (5): 379-384. 10.1016/j.nut.2007.02.004.
Google Scholar
Eisenmann JC, Laurson KR, Wickel EE, Gentile D, Walsh D: Utility of pedometer step recommendations for predicting overweight in children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007, 31 (7): 1179-1182. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803553.
CAS
Google Scholar
McMurray RG, Harrell JS, Deng S, Bradley CB, Cox LM, Bangdiwala SI: The influence of physical activity, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity on the weight status of adolescents. Obes Res. 2000, 8 (2): 130-139. 10.1038/oby.2000.14.
CAS
Google Scholar
Burke V, Beilin LJ, Durkin K, Stritzke WG, Houghton S, Cameron CA: Television, computer use, physical activity, diet and fatness in Australian adolescents. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2006, 1 (4): 248-255. 10.1080/17477160600984975.
Google Scholar
Psarra G, Nassis GP, Sidossis LS: Short-term predictors of abdominal obesity in children. Eur J Public Health. 2006, 16 (5): 520-525. 10.1093/eurpub/cki196.
Google Scholar
Yang X, Telama R, Viikari J, Raitakari OT: Risk of obesity in relation to physical activity tracking from youth to adulthood. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006, 38 (5): 919-925. 10.1249/01.mss.0000218121.19703.f7.
Google Scholar
Neutzling MB, Taddei JA, Gigante DP: Risk factors of obesity among Brazilian adolescents: a case-control study. Public Health Nutr. 2003, 6 (8): 743-749. 10.1079/PHN2003490.
Google Scholar
O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Renaud L, Meshefedjian G, Gray-Donald K: Prevalence and correlates of overweight among elementary schoolchildren in multiethnic, low income, inner-city neighbourhoods in Montreal, Canada. Ann Epidemiol. 1998, 8 (7): 422-432. 10.1016/S1047-2797(98)00009-X.
Google Scholar
Fiore H, Travis S, Whalen A, Auinger P, Ryan S: Potentially protective factors associated with healthful body mass index in adolescents with obese and nonobese parents: a secondary data analysis of the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-1994. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006, 106 (1): 55-64-64. 10.1016/j.jada.2005.09.046. quiz 76-59
Google Scholar
te Velde SJ, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Thorsdottir I, Rasmussen M, Hagstromer M, Klepp KI, Brug J: Patterns in sedentary and exercise behaviors and associations with overweight in 9-14-year-old boys and girls--a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2007, 7: 16-10.1186/1471-2458-7-16.
Google Scholar
Hanley AJ, Harris SB, Gittelsohn J, Wolever TM, Saksvig B, Zinman B: Overweight among children and adolescents in a Native Canadian community: prevalence and associated factors. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000, 71 (3): 693-700.
CAS
Google Scholar
Stevens J, Murray DM, Baggett CD, Elder JP, Lohman TG, Lytle LA, Pate RR, Pratt CA, Treuth MS, Webber LS, Young DR: Objectively assessed associations between physical activity and body composition in middle-school girls: the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls. Am J Epidemiol. 2007, 166 (11): 1298-1305. 10.1093/aje/kwm202.
Google Scholar
Kuriyan R, Bhat S, Thomas T, Vaz M, Kurpad AV: Television viewing and sleep are associated with overweight among urban and semi-urban South Indian children. Nutr J. 2007, 6: 25-10.1186/1475-2891-6-25.
Google Scholar
Muecke L, Simons-Morton B, Huang IW, Parcel G: Is childhood obesity associated with high-fat foods and low physical activity?. J Sch Health. 1992, 62 (1): 19-23. 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1992.tb01213.x.
CAS
Google Scholar
Delva J, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD: Health-related behaviors and overweight: a study of Latino adolescents in the United States of America. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2007, 21 (1): 11-20. 10.1590/S1020-49892007000100002.
Google Scholar
Jette M, Barry W, Pearlman L: The effects of an extracurricular physical activity program on obese adolescents. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 1977, 68 (1): 39-42.
CAS
Google Scholar
Blimkie CJ, Rice S, Webber CE, Martin J, Levy D, Gordon CL: Effects of resistance training on bone mineral content and density in adolescent females. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996, 74 (9): 1025-1033. 10.1139/cjpp-74-9-1025.
CAS
Google Scholar
Morris FL, Naughton GA, Gibbs JL, Carlson JS, Wark JD: Prospective ten-month exercise intervention in premenarcheal girls: positive effects on bone and lean mass. J Bone Miner Res. 1997, 12 (9): 1453-1462. 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.9.1453.
CAS
Google Scholar
McKay HA, Petit MA, Schutz RW, Prior JC, Barr SI, Khan KM: Augmented trochanteric bone mineral density after modified physical education classes: a randomized school-based exercise intervention study in prepubescent and early pubescent children. J Pediatr. 2000, 136 (2): 156-162. 10.1016/S0022-3476(00)70095-3.
CAS
Google Scholar
Nichols DL, Sanborn CF, Love AM: Resistance training and bone mineral density in adolescent females. J Pediatr. 2001, 139 (4): 494-500. 10.1067/mpd.2001.116698.
CAS
Google Scholar
MacKelvie KJ, Petit MA, Khan KM, Beck TJ, McKay HA: Bone mass and structure are enhanced following a 2-year randomized controlled trial of exercise in prepubertal boys. Bone. 2004, 34 (4): 755-764. 10.1016/j.bone.2003.12.017.
Google Scholar
Linden C, Ahlborg HG, Besjakov J, Gardsell P, Karlsson MK: A school curriculum-based exercise program increases bone mineral accrual and bone size in prepubertal girls: two-year data from the pediatric osteoporosis prevention (POP) study. J Bone Miner Res. 2006, 21 (6): 829-835. 10.1359/jbmr.060304.
Google Scholar
MacKelvie KJ, Khan KM, Petit MA, Janssen PA, McKay HA: A school-based exercise intervention elicits substantial bone health benefits: a 2-year randomized controlled trial in girls. Pediatrics. 2003, 112 (6 Pt 1): e447-10.1542/peds.112.6.e447.
Google Scholar
Kelly AS, Steinberger J, Olson TP, Dengel DR: In the absence of weight loss, exercise training does not improve adipokines or oxidative stress in overweight children. Metabolism. 2007, 56 (7): 1005-1009. 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.03.009.
CAS
Google Scholar
Gutin B, Barbeau P, Owens S, Lemmon CR, Bauman M, Allison J, Kang HS, Litaker MS: Effects of exercise intensity on cardiovascular fitness, total body composition, and visceral adiposity of obese adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002, 75 (5): 818-826.
CAS
Google Scholar
Owens S, Gutin B, Allison J, Riggs S, Ferguson M, Litaker M, Thompson W: Effect of physical training on total and visceral fat in obese children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999, 31 (1): 143-148. 10.1097/00005768-199901000-00022.
CAS
Google Scholar
Lazaar N, Aucouturier J, Ratel S, Rance M, Meyer M, Duche P: Effect of physical activity intervention on body composition in young children: influence of body mass index status and gender. Acta Paediatr. 2007, 96 (9): 1315-1320. 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00426.x.
Google Scholar
Ondrak KS, Morgan DW: Physical activity, calcium intake and bone health in children and adolescents. Sports Med. 2007, 37 (7): 587-600. 10.2165/00007256-200737070-00003.
Google Scholar
Kontulainen SA, Kannus PA, Pasanen ME, Sievanen HT, Heinonen AO, Oja P, Vuori I: Does previous participation in high-impact training result in residual bone gain in growing girls? One year follow-up of a 9-month jumping intervention. Int J Sports Med. 2002, 23 (8): 575-581. 10.1055/s-2002-35543.
CAS
Google Scholar
Mackelvie KJ, McKay HA, Khan KM, Crocker PR: A school-based exercise intervention augments bone mineral accrual in early pubertal girls. J Pediatr. 2001, 139 (4): 501-508. 10.1067/mpd.2001.118190.
CAS
Google Scholar
Petit MA, McKay HA, MacKelvie KJ, Heinonen A, Khan KM, Beck TJ: A randomized school-based jumping intervention confers site and maturity-specific benefits on bone structural properties in girls: a hip structural analysis study. J Bone Miner Res. 2002, 17 (3): 363-372. 10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.3.363.
CAS
Google Scholar
McKay HA, MacLean L, Petit M, MacKelvie-O'Brien K, Janssen P, Beck T, Khan KM: "Bounce at the Bell": a novel program of short bouts of exercise improves proximal femur bone mass in early pubertal children. Br J Sports Med. 2005, 39 (8): 521-526. 10.1136/bjsm.2004.014266.
CAS
Google Scholar
Brosnahan J, Steffen LM, Lytle L, Patterson J, Boostrom A: The relation between physical activity and mental health among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004, 158 (8): 818-823. 10.1001/archpedi.158.8.818.
Google Scholar
Tao FB, Xu ML, Kim SD, Sun Y, Su PY, Huang K: Physical activity might not be the protective factor for health risk behaviours and psychopathological symptoms in adolescents. J Paediatr Child Health. 2007, 43 (11): 762-767. 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01217.x.
Google Scholar
Haarasilta LM, Marttunen MJ, Kaprio JA, Aro HM: Correlates of depression in a representative nationwide sample of adolescents (15-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years). Eur J Public Health. 2004, 14 (3): 280-285. 10.1093/eurpub/14.3.280.
Google Scholar
Annesi JJ: Correlations of depression and total mood disturbance with physical activity and self-concept in preadolescents enrolled in an after-school exercise program. Psychol Rep. 2005, 96 (3 Pt 2): 891-898.
Google Scholar
Norris R, Carroll D, Cochrane R: The effects of physical activity and exercise training on psychological stress and well-being in an adolescent population. J Psychosom Res. 1992, 36 (1): 55-65. 10.1016/0022-3999(92)90114-H.
CAS
Google Scholar
Goldfield GS, Mallory R, Parker T, Cunningham T, Legg C, Lumb A, Parker K, Prud'homme D, Adamo KB: Effects of modifying physical activity and sedentary behavior on psychosocial adjustment in overweight/obese children. J Pediatr Psychol. 2007, 32 (7): 783-793. 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm017.
Google Scholar
Pickett W: Injuries. Young people in Canada: their health and wellbeing. Edited by: Boyce WF. 2004, Ottawa: Health Canada, 101-102.
Google Scholar
Collard DC, Verhagen EA, Chin APMJ, van Mechelen W: Acute physical activity and sports injuries in children. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008, 33 (2): 393-401. 10.1139/H07-182.
Google Scholar
Janssen I, Dostaler S, Boyce WF, Pickett W: Influence of multiple risk behaviors on physical activity-related injuries in adolescents. Pediatrics. 2007, 119 (3): e672-680. 10.1542/peds.2006-0339.
Google Scholar
Tsuang HCA, Guo YL, Lin YC, Su HJ: School type, stress and sport-related injuries in middle school students in central Taiwan. Safety Science. 2001, 39: 137-144. 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00057-6.
Google Scholar
Mattila V, Parkkari J, Kannus P, Rimpela A: Occurrence and risk factors of unintentional injuries among 12- to 18-year-old Finns--a survey of 8219 adolescents. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004, 19 (5): 437-444. 10.1023/B:EJEP.0000027355.85493.cb.
Google Scholar
Brawley LR, Latimer AE: Physical activity guides for Canadians: messaging strategies, realistic expectations for change, and evaluation. Can J Public Health. 2007, 98 (Suppl 2): S170-184.
Google Scholar
Corbin CB, Pangrazi RP: Physical Activity for Children: A Statement of Guidelines for Children Aged 5-12. 2004, Reston, VA: National Association for Sport and Physical Education, 2
Google Scholar
Department of Health and Aging: National Physical Activity Guidelines for Australians. 1999, Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia
Google Scholar
Mark AE, Janssen I: Does physical activity accrued in bouts predict overweight and obesity beyond the total volume of physical activity in youth?. Am J Prev Med. 2009, 36: 416-421. 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.027.
Google Scholar