Fig. 3

Results from the causal mediation models. Legend: Model 1: PRS-BMI (exposure), z-BMI and z-WC at wave 1 (mediators), parental concern of overeating at wave 3 (outcome). Model 2: PRS-BMI (exposure), parental concern of overeating at wave 1 (mediator), z-BMI and z-WC at wave 3 (outcomes). The indirect effect (or mediation effect) is represented by ab, and c represents the direct effect; total effect = c + ab. Results were presented as β-coefficients and their 95% CIs. All models were adjusted for baseline age, sex, country, parental education, parental income, well-being, screen time, playing outside, fruit and vegetable consumption, glycated hemoglobin and genetic principal components. ^aSample size smaller due to missing values on eating behaviors at wave 3. ^bSample size smaller due to missing values on z-WC. Abbreviations: polygenic risk score for body mass index (PRS-BMI), z-score body mass index (z-BMI), z-score waist circumference (z-WC)